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Digital terrestrial television in Indonesia

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The Siap Digital (Digital Ready) logo, found on any new integrated digital TVs or set-top boxes sold in Indonesia from 2020 onwards

Digital terrestrial television in Indonesia (DVB-T2) began in 2009 and, in most areas, operates alongside the analog TV system. The first phase of the nationwide analog shutdown took place in 166 regencies and cities, including Dumai, Banda Aceh, Batam, Tanjungpinang, Serang, Bali, Samarinda, Tanjung Selor, Tarakan, Makassar, and Jayapura, starting on 30 April 2022. Dumai was the first to shut down, with the rest of phase one following before phase two began. The shutdown process was simplified into three stages, originally scheduled for 17 August 2021 but postponed due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and concerns about public readiness.[1]

An analog broadcasting station in Jakarta, along with non-terrestrial services in 173 regencies/cities, was officially shut down on 2 November 2022 at midnight,[2][3] except for ANTV, RCTI, MNCTV, GTV, and iNews, which completed the shutdown on 3 November 2022 at midnight.[4] Batam, Bandung, Semarang, Surakarta, and Yogyakarta followed suit on 2 December 2022, Surabaya on 20 December 2022, Banjarmasin on 20 March 2023, Bali and Palembang on 31 March 2023, Makassar on 20 June 2023, and Medan on 30 July 2023.[5] On 15 July 2023, Trans Media (Trans TV and Trans7) and Emtek/SCM (SCTV and Indosiar) officially completed their analog shutdown. On 31 July 2023, at midnight, Viva Group, RTV, and NET TV officially completed the nationwide analog shutdown,[6] followed by MNC Group on 1 August 2023 at midnight.[7][8] On 12 August 2023, Indonesia's digital terrestrial television fully transitioned to high definition across all thirteen local free-to-air terrestrial television stations.[9][10]

History

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On 20 May 2009, two television broadcasting consortiums completed a trial run for digital television.[11]

Digital terrestrial television was officially launched on 21 December 2010 using the DVB-T system, initially in Jakarta, Surabaya (East Java), and Batam (Riau Islands). The digital broadcast of TVRI Nasional and several local TVRI stations, along with two initial digital terrestrial channels, TVRI 3 (currently TVRI World) and TVRI 4 (currently TVRI Sport), was also launched alongside the system. The launch event was attended by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Minister of Communications and Information Technology Tifatul Sembiring, and Chief Director of TVRI Imas Sunarya.[12][13]

The Indonesian Supreme Court canceled the Ministry of Communication and Informatics Regulation No. 22 of 2011. On 27 December 2013, the Ministry of Communication and Informatics issued Regulation No. 32 of 2013.

On 5 March 2015, the State Administrative Court (PTUN) of Jakarta repealed Ministry of Communication and Informatics Regulation No. 22 of 2011, which had previously been canceled by the Supreme Court.[14]

Analogue switch-off

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  1. Phase I (13 August 2008–20 December 2010)
  2. Phase II (21 December 2010–30 April 2022)
    • Analogue TV & DTT co-exist
  3. Phase III (30 April 2022–14 July 2023)
    • Analogue TV shut down in stages
    • Vacate DTT service using channels 22 to 48
    • Vacate mobile broadband phones in the band 694 MHz to 806 MHz
  4. Phase IV (15 July 2023–12 August 2023)
    • No analogue TV service
    • 100% DTT service using channels 22 to 48

The first analog broadcasting television station was officially turned off on 30 April 2022, followed by three additional phases of analog shutdowns in Indonesia. Analog broadcasts in Jakarta, along with non-terrestrial services in 173 regencies/cities, were completely shut down on 2 November 2022.[15] Only ANTV, RCTI, MNCTV, GTV, and iNews continued airing analog broadcasts in Jakarta until they were shut down on 3 November 2022 at midnight.[4]

Batam, Bandung, Semarang, Surakarta, and Yogyakarta followed on 2 December 2022, Surabaya on 20 December 2022, Banjarmasin on 20 March 2023, Bali and Palembang on 31 March 2023, Makassar on 20 June 2023, and Medan on 30 July 2023.[16] On 15 July 2023, at the stroke of midnight, Trans Media (Trans TV and Trans7) and Emtek/SCM (SCTV and Indosiar) officially completed their shutdowns. On 31 July 2023, at the stroke of midnight, Viva Group, RTV, and NET TV officially completed the nationwide analog broadcast shutdown,[6] followed by MNC Group on 1 August 2023 at the stroke of midnight.[7][8]

On 12 August 2023, Indonesia's digital terrestrial television fully transitioned to high definition across all thirteen local free-to-air terrestrial television stations.[9][10]

Frequency usage

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Indonesia's telecom services share bandwidth as follows:

  • Analogue System: 478 MHz to 806 MHz
  • Digital System: 478 MHz to 694 MHz
  • Mobile Broadband: 694 MHz to 806 MHz

Regulation

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Communication and Information Ministry Regulation No. 32 includes provisions covering terrestrial and broadcast technologies:[17]

  • Digital Broadcast through the Terrestrial System is provided by LPP TVRI, local LPPs, LPS, and LPK.
  • Multiplexing Broadcast through the Terrestrial System is provided by LPP TVRI and LPS. These services must adhere to open access and non-discriminatory principles.
  • Other LPS and LPS with analog broadcasts may rent bandwidth from LPS at the discretion of the Minister of Communication and Information.
  • Local LPPs and LPKs with analog broadcasts must cooperate with LPP TVRI.

Note: LPP or Lembaga Penyiaran Publik (Public Broadcaster), LPS or Lembaga Penyiaran Swasta (Private Broadcaster), and LPK or Lembaga Penyiaran Komunitas (Community Broadcaster).

The only significant change between the old and new regulations was the elimination of the analog switch-off. The term "zonal" was replaced with "provinces," which also sets the new initial time for digital broadcasts. Zones and provinces are now the same, as well as the licensing requirements.

The Indonesian Local Television Association (Asosiasi TV Lokal Indonesia - ATVLI) intended to appeal to the Supreme Court again if the new regulation, particularly the multiplexing license selection, remains burdensome for local television broadcasters.[18]

Digital area

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The digital transition under Communication and Information Ministry Regulation Number 32 divided Indonesia into five regions:[17]

The new regulation stated that both analog and digital broadcasts could continue without any set time limit. As of mid-2014, no broadcaster had definitively transitioned to digital broadcasts.

Broadcasters

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As of August 2012, TVRI was the sole broadcaster providing digital television in Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, and Batam. TVRI had 376 analog transmitters, 30 of which were ready to transition to digital.[19]

At the end of September 2012, Metro TV began its initial digital television broadcasts in the following locations:[20]

  • Jakarta
  • Bandung
  • Semarang
  • Surabaya
  • Malingping, Padeglang, Anyer, and Cilegon in Banten Province

Distribution

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The plan was to distribute 6 million free set-top boxes to low-income families before the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Vendors offered set-top boxes capable of receiving signals from DVB-T2 through UHF, making it unnecessary to replace analog antennas.[21][22] However, the plan was not successful. The first set-top box distributions were carried out by Banten Sinar Dunia Televisi (BSTV), which held a Zone 4 license covering Jakarta and Banten. These set-top boxes were distributed in Malingping, Banten, in conjunction with Proclamation Day on 17 August 2014.[23]

Some brands released LED TVs with built-in DVB-T2 tuners.[24]

References

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  1. ^ Pratama, Kevin Rizky (2021). "Alasan Siaran TV Analog Tak Jadi Dimatikan 17 Agustus 2021". Kompas com. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  2. ^ "Kominfo: Siaran TV Analog Wajib Berhenti 2 November 2022" [Kominfo: Analogue TV Broadcasts Must Shut Down By 2 November 2022] (in Indonesian). CNN Indonesia. 3 December 2020. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  3. ^ "TV Analog Dimatikan, Plate Sindir Channel yang Ogah Pindah ke Digital" [Analogue TV Shut Down, Plate Makes Fun on Channels that Refuse to Move to Digital] (in Indonesian). CNN Indonesia. CNN Indonesia. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Viva Group dan MNC Group Hentikan Siaran TV Analog Malam Ini" [Viva Group and MNC Group Shut Down Analogue TV Broadcasting Tonight] (in Indonesian). CNN Indonesia. CNN Indonesia. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  5. ^ Harnoko, Rizqi Arie (2022). "Selain Surabaya dan Bali, Siaran TV Analog Juga Akan Dihentikan di 4 Wilayah Berikut Ini pada 20 Desember 2022". Kabarrakyat.id. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
  6. ^ a b Harnoko, Rizqi Arie (29 July 2023). "NET TV Tunda Sehari ASO Nasional di Luar Medan, Ikuti Jadwal MNC Group dan RTV - Kabar Rakyat". NET TV Tunda Sehari ASO Nasional di Luar Medan, Ikuti Jadwal MNC Group dan RTV - Kabar Rakyat (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  7. ^ a b Harnoko, Rizqi Arie (1 August 2023). "ASO Nasional MNC Group Mundur Sehari, Namun MNCTV Sudah Mendahului di Sejumlah Wilayah - Kabar Rakyat". ASO Nasional MNC Group Mundur Sehari, Namun MNCTV Sudah Mendahului di Sejumlah Wilayah - Kabar Rakyat (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  8. ^ a b Harnoko, Rizqi Arie (2 August 2023). "MNC Group Sukses Tutup Rangkaian ASO Nasional Hari Ini, Cek Daftar Wilayah Jangkauan Siaran TV Digital DI SINI - Kabar Rakyat". MNC Group Sukses Tutup Rangkaian ASO Nasional Hari Ini, Cek Daftar Wilayah Jangkauan Siaran TV Digital DI SINI - Kabar Rakyat (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  9. ^ a b Harnoko, Rizqi Arie (2 August 2023). "Seluruh Stasiun TV Nasional Resmi ASO di Seluruh Indonesia Hari Ini, Kominfo: Alhamdulillah, Terima Kasih - Kabar Rakyat". Seluruh Stasiun TV Nasional Resmi ASO di Seluruh Indonesia Hari Ini, Kominfo: Alhamdulillah, Terima Kasih - Kabar Rakyat (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 August 2023.
  10. ^ a b Media, Kompas Cyber (6 August 2023). "Siaran TV Analog di Seluruh Indonesia Resmi Dimatikan, Kemenkominfo: Merdeka dari Analog!". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  11. ^ "TV DGTL". 14 November 2011.
  12. ^ Siaran Pers No. 140/PIH/KOMINFO/12/2010 Peresmian Pemancar Televisi Digital TVRI oleh Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Directorate General of Post and Informatics Resources and Equipment, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  13. ^ "TVRI Sediakan Empat Kanal Program". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). 22 December 2010. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
  14. ^ Komaruddin Bagja Arjawinangun (5 March 2015). "Sidang Putusan PTUN Kabulkan Gugatan ATVJI".
  15. ^ "UU Cipta Kerja: 2022, Televisi Analog akan Mati". VOA Indonesia (in Indonesian). 8 October 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  16. ^ Harnoko, Rizqi Arie (2022). "Selain Surabaya dan Bali, Siaran TV Analog Juga Akan Dihentikan di 4 Wilayah Berikut Ini pada 20 Desember 2022". Kabarrakyat.id. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
  17. ^ a b "Siaran Pers Tentang Peraturan Menteri Mengenai TV Digital". 8 January 2014.
  18. ^ "Aturan TV Digital terbit, Kominfo cari pelaksana". 8 January 2014.
  19. ^ "Digital TV: A giant leap?". 26 August 2012.
  20. ^ "Transmisi Digital Metro TV Beroperasi di Delapan Daerah". 30 September 2012. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019.
  21. ^ "Melihat Piala Dunia 2014 Gratis di TV dengan Gambar Lebih Jernih". Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  22. ^ Ardhi Suryadhi (3 February 2014). "Polytron Garap Set Top Box TV Digital".
  23. ^ Muhamad Al Azhari (18 August 2014). "Banten Gets Digital Receivers for Analog TV Sets From BSTV". Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  24. ^ Zulhanif Arifin. "Televisi Digital Jogja". Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
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