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Hymenachne

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Hymenachne
Hymenachne amplexicaulis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Supertribe: Andropogonodae
Tribe: Paspaleae
Subtribe: Otachyriinae
Genus: Hymenachne
P.Beauv.[1][2]
Synonyms[3][4]
  • Dallwatsonia B.K.Simon
  • Panicum sect. Hymenachnae (P.Beauv.) Hack.

Hymenachne, synonym Dallwatsonia, is a genus of widespread wetland plants in the grass family Poaceae. They are commonly known as marsh grasses.[5] They are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, the Americas, and the Pacific Islands.[6] A species from the Americas, H. amplexicaulis, is well known in other parts of the world as an introduced and invasive species.[7]

Description

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Hymenachne species are aquatic plants frequently found in marshes and other wet habitats. Their stems may be spongy with aerenchyma tissue.[8] The longest stems can reach 4 m (13 ft). They are perennial, sometimes with rhizomes. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped.[9] The inflorescence is usually a cylindrical, spike-shaped panicle, rarely with branches.[8]

Taxonomy

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The genus Hymenachne was first described by Palisot de Beauvois in 1812.[10] Hymenachne is similar to the genus Sacciolepis,[8] first described in 1901. Both were formerly considered part of Panicum.[8] Many species placed in Hymenachne have previously been placed in Sacciolepis.[11]

In 1992, Bryan Kenneth Simon [es] described a new genus Dallwatsonia for a single new Australian species he called Dallwatsonia felliana. The genus was named for the Australian botanists Michael Dallwitz and Leslie Watson.[12] In 2014, ten further species were transferred from Panicum to Dallwatsonia by José Ramón Grande Allende, who noted that Dallwatsonia was closely related to Hymenachne, but could be distinguished by hollow rather than filled culms.[13] However, a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 supported the synonymy of Dallwatsonia and Hymenachne,[14] a conclusion also supported in a 2019 study.[15] As of November 2024, Plants of the World Online accepted Dallwatsonia as a synonym of Hymenachne.[3]

Species

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As of November 2024, the following species were accepted:[3][16]

Formerly included[11]

References

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  1. ^ Palisot de Beauvois, Ambroise Marie François Joseph. 1812. Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie pages 48-49 in Latin
  2. ^ Palisot de Beauvois, Ambroise Marie François Joseph. 1812. Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie plate X (10), figure VIII (8 a-h) at upper right; line drawings of Hymenachne sp.; figure captions on caption page 8
  3. ^ a b c "Hymenachne P.Beauv." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  4. ^ Tropicos, Hymenachne P. Beauv.
  5. ^ Hymenachne. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
  6. ^ Clarkson, J. R., et al. (2011). A report of hybridisation in Hymenachne (Poaceae, Panicoideae) with description of Hymenachne × calamitosa, a new species of hybrid origin from tropical Australia. Archived 2013-09-25 at the Wayback Machine Telopea 13(1-2), 105-14.
  7. ^ "Hymenachne amplexicaulis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d Hymenachne. Flora of China.
  9. ^ Hymenachne. Grassbase - The World Online Grass Flora.
  10. ^ "Hymenachne P.Beauv." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  11. ^ a b "Search for 'Hymenachne'". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  12. ^ Simon, Brian K. (1992). "Studies in Australian Grasses 6. Alexfloydia, Cliffordiochloa and Dallwatsonia, three new panicoid grass genera from Eastern Australia". Austrobaileya. 3 (4): 669–681. doi:10.5962/p.365996. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  13. ^ Grande Allende, J.R. (2014). "Novitates Agrostologicae, IV. Additional segregates from Panicum incertae sedis" (PDF). Phytoneuron (2014–22): 1–6. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  14. ^ Acosta, J.M.; Scataglini, M.A.; Reinheimer, R. & Zuloaga, F.O. (2014). "A phylogenetic study of subtribe Otachyriinae (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paspaleae)". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 300 (10): 2155–2166. Bibcode:2014PSyEv.300.2155A. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1034-8.
  15. ^ Acosta, Juan M.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. & Reinheimer, Renata (2019), "Nuclear phylogeny and hypothesized allopolyploidization events in the Subtribe Otachyriinae (Paspaleae, Poaceae)", Systematics and Biodiversity, 17 (3): 277–294, Bibcode:2019SyBio..17..277A, doi:10.1080/14772000.2019.1572035, hdl:11336/116214
  16. ^ GRIN Species Records of Hymenachne. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
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