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List of school shootings in the United States by death toll

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Map of the United States showing the locations of mass shootings in 2019
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
List of school shootings in the United States by death toll
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School shootings in the United States by death toll

This article lists school shootings in the United States by death toll (four or more deaths, including any perpetrators that died during the shooting).

List

[edit]

This table is organized first by deaths, then injuries, and then dates.

List of school shootings by death toll (four or more deaths)
Date Location Deaths Injuries Description
April 16, 2007 Blacksburg, Virginia 33[n 1] 17 Virginia Tech shooting: 23-year-old student Seung-Hui Cho killed thirty-two students and faculty members in two separate attacks on the campus of Virginia Tech and then committed suicide. In a dorm room, he first shot one student, then another who came to help; two hours later, he went to a school building where he barricaded the main entrance and fired into several classrooms, killing twenty-five students and five faculty members and wounding seventeen others. The incident was formerly the deadliest American mass shooting and is currently the third-deadliest.
December 14, 2012 Newtown, Connecticut 28[n 1] 2 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting: 20-year-old Adam Lanza killed twenty-six people and himself. He first killed his mother at their shared home before taking four of her guns and driving to his former elementary school. He killed twenty first-grade children aged six and seven, along with six adults, including four teachers, the principal, and the school psychologist. Two other people were injured. Lanza then killed himself as police arrived at the school.[1][2]
May 24, 2022 Uvalde, Texas 22[n 1] 18 Uvalde school shooting: 18-year-old Salvador Ramos entered one of the classrooms, shooting the children and staff in the classroom, before trading fire with responding law enforcement officers that had arrived on the scene an hour prior, but never entered. Two officers were left with minor injuries and no deaths. Ramos was shot and killed by a tactical team of US Border Patrol agents and UCISD officers after they breached the classroom. Twenty-one people were killed by Ramos: 19 students between the ages of 9 and 11, and two teachers. The assailant also shot and wounded his grandmother, who was admitted to hospital in critical condition and has since been released.[3][4]
August 1, 1966 Austin, Texas 18[n 1] 31 University of Texas tower shooting: 25-year-old engineering student and former U.S. Marine Charles Whitman got onto the clock tower at the University of Texas-Austin. After killing three people inside the tower, he began firing outside from the observation deck atop it, killing a further twelve people and wounding 31 others during a 96-minute shooting rampage which lasted until he was shot and killed by police. He had earlier murdered his wife and mother at their homes.[5][6][7] Apart from remaining the deadliest shooting at a college campus until 2007 (see above), this was also the deadliest American mass shooting altogether for nearly 18 years.
February 14, 2018 Parkland, Florida 17 17 Parkland high school shooting: Nikolas Cruz, a 19-year-old former student whose behavior had led to his expulsion, began shooting students and staff members with a semi-automatic rifle at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School after activating a fire alarm. 17 people were killed, and 17 others were injured. The suspect blended in with the crowd of fleeing students and was arrested in a residential area neighboring Coral Springs after walking away from the school.[8] He later pleaded guilty to murder and attempted murder.[9]
April 20, 1999 Columbine, Colorado 15[n 2] 21 Columbine High School massacre: 18-year-old Eric Harris and 17-year-old Dylan Klebold, students at Columbine High School, killed twelve students and one teacher; after killing two students in the schoolyard and fatally wounding a teacher in the hallway, they killed the rest of their victims in the school library. They also wounded 21 additional people (twelve in the library and nine elsewhere), started fires, and engaged in several gunfights with police, though no one was hit in these exchanges. Another three people injured themselves attempting to escape the school. The pair committed suicide at the end of the massacre.[10][11]
July 26, 1764 Greencastle, Pennsylvania 11 1 Enoch Brown school massacre: Perhaps the earliest shooting to happen in school or college property, in what would become the United States, was the notorious Enoch Brown school massacre during the Pontiac's War. Four Delaware (Lenape) American Indians entered the schoolhouse near present-day Greencastle, Pennsylvania, and shot and killed schoolmaster Enoch Brown and nine children (reports vary). Only two children survived. However, this incident may only incidentally be considered a school shooting because only the teacher was shot, while the other nine victims were killed with melee weapons.[12][13]
May 18, 2018 Santa Fe, Texas 10 14[n 1] Santa Fe High School shooting: 17-year-old Dimitrios Pagourtzis killed 10 people and injured 13 others at Santa Fe High School before being taken into custody by police. The shooter had a shotgun and .38 revolver which he had stolen from his father. Multiple IEDs and pipe bombs were also found around the school.[14] As of August 2024, Pagourtzis has yet to stand trial.[15][16]
March 21, 2005 Red Lake, Minnesota 10[n 1] 9 Red Lake shootings: 16-year-old student Jeff Weise killed his grandfather and grandfather's girlfriend at their home, where he had been living, at the Red Lake Indian Reservation. He then drove to Red Lake Senior High School. Armed with his grandfather's police weapons, Weise killed five students, one teacher, and one security guard, and wounded at least nine others, before committing suicide after being wounded in a shootout with police.[17]
October 1, 2015 Roseburg, Oregon 10[n 1] 8 2015 Umpqua Community College shooting: 26-year-old student Christopher Harper-Mercer opened fire in a hall on the Umpqua Community College campus, killing eight students and one teacher, and injuring eight others. Mercer then committed suicide after engaging responding police officers in a brief gunfight.[18]
May 23, 2014 Isla Vista, California 7[n 3] 14[n 4] 2014 Isla Vista killings: 22-year-old Elliot Rodger first attacked his two roommates and their friend in his apartment, ambushing and stabbing them to death one at a time as they arrived at different times.[19][20] After the stabbings, he drove around Isla Vista, California, near the campus of the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), shooting at people and using his vehicle to ram others, ultimately killing three more people by gunfire before committing suicide with a gunshot to the head.[21][22] The attacks ended with six people getting killed, all of whom were University of California, Santa Barbara, students.[23][24]
October 2, 2006 Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania 7[n 1] 4 2006 West Nickel Mines School shooting: 32-year-old milk truck driver, Charles Carl Roberts IV, killed five Amish girls and wounded five others before killing himself in an Amish school in the hamlet of Nickel Mines, in Bart Township, Lancaster County. One of the five wounded people succumbed to their injuries in 2024.[25]
April 2, 2012 Oakland, California 7 3 2012 Oikos University shooting: 43-year-old One L. Goh was accused of shooting dead seven students with a handgun and wounding three others at Oikos University, a Christian college. He fled the scene, stealing a victim's car, and was apprehended hours later nearby. Goh was charged with seven counts of murder. In January 2013, Goh was determined to be mentally unfit for trial and committed for treatment.[26] On July 14, 2017, Goh was sentenced to seven consecutive life sentences plus 271 years in prison, all without any possibility of parole.[27] In March 2019, Goh died in prison.[28]
July 12, 1976 Fullerton, California 7 2 1976 California State University, Fullerton massacre: The gunman, 37-year-old Edward Charles Allaway, was a custodian at the California State University, Fullerton library. Allaway killed seven people and wounded two others in the library's first-floor lobby and at the building's Instructional Media Center (IMC), located in the basement.
March 27, 2023 Nashville, Tennessee 7[n 1] 1 2023 Nashville school shooting: 28-year-old Aiden Hale (born Audrey Elizabeth Hale) entered the Covenant School in the Green Hills neighborhood and killed 3 students and 3 staff members before being killed by police.[29]
January 17, 1989 Stockton, California 6[n 1] 32 1989 Cleveland Elementary School shooting: 24-year-old Patrick Edward Purdy fatally shot five children and wounded 32 others at the Cleveland Elementary School before taking his own life. The victims were children of refugees from Southeast Asia. Purdy had a history of violence, alcoholism, drug addiction, and criminality.[30][31]
February 14, 2008 DeKalb, Illinois 6[n 1] 17 Northern Illinois University shooting: 27-year-old Steven Kazmierczak shot multiple people with a shotgun and a semi-automatic pistol in a lecture hall of Northern Illinois University, killing five and injuring 21 before taking his own life. Kazmierczak was not enrolled at the university, but had attended in the years prior to the attack.[32]
November 14, 2017 Rancho Tehama, California 6[n 1] 11 Rancho Tehama shootings: 43-year-old Kevin Neal injured one student at Rancho Tehama Elementary School and fatally shot five adults at several locations.[33] The secretary heard the gunfire near the school and ordered the school to go on lockdown. After a custodian and the teachers put it into action, Neal rammed a truck into the gate of the school and fired at the classrooms, hitting one student when a bullet pierced the wall. Neal fatally shot himself after sheriff's deputies rammed his vehicle during a pursuit.[33][34]
June 7, 2013 Santa Monica, California 6[n 1] 2 2013 Santa Monica shootings: 23-year-old John Zawahri began a killing spree at his home. After killing his 55-year-old father, Samir "Sam" Zawahri, and 25-year-old brother, Chris Zawahri, he set the house ablaze. Dressed all in black with body armor and wielding an AR-15-type semi-automatic rifle, Zawahri carjacked 41-year-old Laura Siska, shooting 50-year-old Debra Fine as she attempted to intervene, before forcing Siska to drive to Santa Monica College. Upon arriving on the college campus, Zawahri began shooting at passing vehicles, including a police car and a city bus, leaving three people with minor injuries. Zawahri next targeted a Ford Explorer, killing the driver, 68-year-old campus groundskeeper Carlos Navarro Franco, and fatally wounding the passenger, his 26-year-old daughter Marcela Diaz-Franco, a student at the college, who died two days later. 68-year-old Margarita Gomez, who was collecting cans outside the library, died after being shot in the abdomen and chest. Zawahri opened fire on students who were trying to run away. It ended at the college library where he opened fire on students studying for finals, before being fatally wounded in an exchange of gunfire with responding police officers.[35]
December 13, 1898 Charleston, West Virginia 6 1+ During the school exhibition, a group of young men tried to break up a student performance. When the teacher Fisher tried to throw them out, they turned on him. Audience members joined the fray. The fight resulted in deaths: Harry Flasher was shot in the heart and instantly killed, Henry Carney was fatally shot in the back, Ralph Jones and two others were also fatally shot, and George Gibson was shot in the hand; Haz Harding had his skull crushed and several others received minor wounds.[36]
November 1, 1991 Iowa City, Iowa 6[n 1] 1 1991 University of Iowa shooting: 28-year-old former graduate student Gang Lu killed four members of University of Iowa's faculty and a research student, and seriously wounded another student. 47-year-old professor of physics and astronomy Christoph K. Goertz, 45-year-old associate professor of physics and astronomy Robert Alan Smith, 44-year-old chairman of the physics and astronomy department Dwight R. Nicholson, and 56-year-old associate vice president for academic affairs Dr. Theresa Anne Cleary were shot in the head and died the following day, and 27-year-old research investigator in physics and astronomy Dr. Shan Linhua. 23-year-old Miya Rodolfo-Sioson, Dr. Cleary's temporary student receptionist in the grievance office, survived but was left paralyzed from the neck down. Lu then shot himself in the head and died shortly after police arrived.[37][38][39][40]
March 24, 1998 Craighead County, Arkansas 5 10 1998 Westside Middle School shooting: 13-year-old Mitchell Johnson and 11-year-old Andrew Golden killed a teacher and four students and wounded 10 others as Westside Middle School emptied during a fire alarm intentionally set off by Golden.[41][10]
November 12, 1966 Mesa, Arizona 5 2 1966 Rose-Mar College of Beauty shooting: 18-year-old Robert Benjamin Smith took seven people hostage at Rose-Mar College of Beauty and ordered them to lie down in a circle. He shot each in the head. Four women and a 3-year-old girl died; a woman and a baby were injured but survived. Police arrested Smith, who reportedly admired Richard Speck and Charles Whitman.[42]
May 6, 1940 South Pasadena, California 5 2[n 1] Outraged by his dismissal following conflicts with other staff, 38-year-old Verlin H. Spencer shot and killed 62-year-old superintendent of the South Pasadena city schools George C. Bush, 50-year-old principal of South Pasadena High School John E. Alman, and 52-year-old School District business manager Will R. Speer. He then attempted to kill Bush's secretary, 32-year-old Dorothea Talbert; she was struck near the shoulder. He later shot and killed 45-year-old art teacher Ruth Sturgeon, with whom he had been in conflict, fatally wounding her in the chest and, following an intense struggle, 35-year-old mechanical arts teacher Verner V. Vanderlip, another with whom he had a grievance. Spencer was cornered by police as he attempted to escape through the school cafeteria; as one officer aimed, Spencer pressed the .22 caliber automatic pistol against his right side and fired twice, critically wounding himself. Police later found a suicide note from Spencer to his wife, Polly. He survived his wounds and was tried for murder. Pleading guilty to all charges, he received 5 consecutive life terms. He was discharged from California's Department of Correction in 1977, aged 75. Verlin Spencer died January 11, 1991.[43][44][45][46]
October 24, 2014 Marysville, Washington 5[n 1] 1 2014 Marysville Pilchuck High School shooting: 15-year-old freshman Jaylen Fryberg shot five students in the school cafeteria of Marysville Pilchuck High School, fatally wounding four, before committing suicide.[1][47]
May 21, 1998 Springfield, Oregon 4 25 1998 Thurston High School shooting: After killing his parents at home, 15-year-old Kip Kinkel drove to Thurston High School, where he killed two students and wounded 25 others.[10] After pleading guilty, he was sentenced to 111 years of prison.[48]
May 1, 1992 Olivehurst, California 4 10 1992 Lindhurst High School shooting: Former student 20-year-old Eric Houston killed three students and one teacher and wounded nine other students and a teacher before surrendering to police.[49][30]
May 4, 1970 Kent, Ohio 4 9 Kent State shootings: During protests of the Vietnam War at Kent State University, armed National Guard Soldiers opened fire on unarmed students, killing four people.[7][50][51]
November 30, 2021 Oxford, Michigan 4 7 Oxford High School shooting: 15-year-old student Ethan Crumbley opened fire at Oxford High School, killing four students and wounding seven others and a teacher, before being arrested.[52] One of the wounded died a day later.[53]
September 4, 2024 Winder, Georgia 4 7 2024 Apalachee High School shooting: Georgia State Police responded to a school shooting at the Apalachee High School near Winder, Georgia. Two teachers and two students were killed, while seven others were injured. A suspect, 14-year-old student Colt Gray, was taken into custody.[54][55]
February 13, 2023 East Lansing, Michigan 4[n 1] 5 2023 Michigan State University shooting: A man shot several people on the Michigan State University campus, killing three and wounding five before killing himself. The man was not associated with the university.[56]
December 6, 2023 Las Vegas, Nevada 4[n 1] 3 2023 University of Nevada, Las Vegas shooting: A shooter opened fire at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, killing three faculy members and injuring three other people, including two responding police officers. The shooter was then shot and killed by other responding officers.[57][58]
March 26, 1893 Plain Dealing, Louisiana 4 1 During an evening school dance at Plain Dealing High School, a fight broke out. When the smoke cleared, two students were dead, two more were fatally wounded, and the high school's Professor Johnson was wounded in the arm.[59]
October 28, 2002 Tucson, Arizona 4[n 1] 0 Failing nursing college student and Gulf War veteran 40-year-old Robert Stewart Flores, Jr. killed three assistant professors of nursing at the University of Arizona, 50-year-old Robin Rogers, 44-year-old Cheryl McGaffic, and 45-year-old Barbara Monroe, before turning the gun on himself.[60]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Including the perpetrator
  2. ^ Including both perpetrators
  3. ^ 3 by stabbing; 4 by gunfire, including the perpetrator
  4. ^ 7 by gunfire, 7 struck by motor vehicle

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Crews 2016, p. 4.
  2. ^ "Sandy Hook shooting: What happened?". CNN International. December 2012. Archived from the original on August 20, 2013.
  3. ^ Peck, Josh; Goodman, J. David (May 24, 2022). "19 students, two teachers killed in a Texas elementary school shooting, the authorities say". The New York Times. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  4. ^ Fitz-Gibbon, Jorge (June 28, 2022). "Salvador Ramos' grandmother released from hospital a month after school massacre". New York Post. Retrieved October 20, 2022.
  5. ^ "Sniper In Texas U. Tower Kills 12, Hits 33". The New York Times. August 2, 1966. Archived from the original on March 16, 2016.
  6. ^ Finley 2011, pp. 524–527.
  7. ^ a b Finley 2014, p. 323.
  8. ^ "Florida school shooting suspect hid among students after massacre". CBS News. CBS/AP. February 15, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
  9. ^ Burch, Audra D. S. (February 14, 2018). "Death Toll Is at 17 and Could Rise in Shooting". The New York Times.
  10. ^ a b c Finley 2014, p. 329.
  11. ^ Klein 2013, pp. 152–153.
  12. ^ Middleton 2007, p. 171.
  13. ^ Dixon 2005, p. 223.
  14. ^ "10 Dead in Santa Fe, Texas, School Shooting; Suspect Used Shotgun and Revolver". The New York Times. May 18, 2018. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
  15. ^ "Accused Texas school shooter to remain at state hospital". Albuquerque Journal. February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
  16. ^ Goodman, J. David (August 19, 2024). "Jury Finds Parents of Gunman Not Liable in 2018 Texas School Shooting" – via NYTimes.com.
  17. ^ "School gunman stole police pistol, vest". CNN International. March 23, 2005. Archived from the original on January 11, 2014.
  18. ^ Andrew Blankstein; Tom Winter; Jacquellena Carrero (October 1, 2015). "10 Killed in Shooting at Oregon's Umpqua Community College". NBC News. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015.
  19. ^ Newman, Bruce; Burgarino, Paul (May 25, 2014). "Three fatal stabbing victims in Santa Barbara hailed from Bay Area". East Bay Times. Archived from the original on August 22, 2024. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  20. ^ Marie, Brownie (May 28, 2014). "Elliot Rodger's roommates, fatally stabbed, planned to move out next semester". Christianity Today. Archived from the original on August 22, 2024. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  21. ^ Bolton, Tom (February 19, 2015). "Isla Vista Massacre Report Reveals Chilling Details of Killer Elliot Rodger's Plans, Actions". Noozhawk. Archived from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
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  23. ^ Sokmensuer, Harriet (June 13, 2023). "Remembering the 6 Student Victims of the 2014 Isla Vista Killings". People. Archived from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved February 22, 2024.
  24. ^ Montes, Ivania (May 23, 2024). "UCSB alumni reflect on the Isla Vista killings, 10 years later". KEYT-TV. Archived from the original on September 2, 2024. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  25. ^ "Six killed in Pennsylvania school attack". The San Diego Union-Tribune (San Diego, California). October 2, 2006. Archived from the original on March 12, 2016. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
  26. ^ "Accused gunman in Oakland shooting unfit for trial: judge". Reuters. London. January 7, 2013. Archived from the original on September 30, 2015.
  27. ^ "Former student gets life sentence in massacre at Oakland's Oikos University". Abc7 News. July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
  28. ^ "Man convicted in 2012 mass shooting at Oikos University dies in custody". Abc7 News. March 27, 2019. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  29. ^ "At least 6 dead in Nashville, Tennessee school shooting". March 26, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  30. ^ a b Crews 2016, p. 7.
  31. ^ Jay Mathews; Matt Lait (January 18, 1989). "Rifleman Slays Five At School; 29 Pupils, Teacher Shot in California; Assailant Kills Self". The Washington Post (Washington, D.C.). p. A1. ProQuest 307111289. Archived from the original on August 15, 2017.
  32. ^ "18 shot, six dead including gunman, at Northern Illinois University". CNN International. February 14, 2008. Archived from the original on February 15, 2008.
  33. ^ a b "5 dead at multiple shooting locations in N. California county, including a school; gunman is killed". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 15, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017 – via MSN.
  34. ^ Branson-Potts, Hailey (November 17, 2017). "Mother driving her boys to school when Rancho Tehama gunman struck shielded her son despite her wounds". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  35. ^ "6th Person Dies As A Result Of Santa Monica Rampage". KCBS-TV/KCAL-TV (Los Angeles, California). June 9, 2013. Archived from the original on June 12, 2013.
  36. ^ "Virginia Hoodlums". The Herald, Volume 26, Number 74 (Los Angeles, California). December 13, 1898. p. 3. Archived from the original on March 22, 2016.
  37. ^ Phil Hersh; Blair Kamin; Steve Johnson; Teresa Wiltz; Monica Copeland; Matt Murray; Allan Johnson; Helaine Olen; Jerry Crimmins; Eric Detwiler (November 2, 1991). "Student Goes On Killing Spree At Iowa Campus". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016.
  38. ^ Michel Marriott (November 4, 1991). "Iowa Gunman Was Torn by Academic Challenge". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 10, 2016.
  39. ^ Jim Mann (June 7, 1992). "The Physics of Revenge : When Dr. Lu Gang's American Dream Died, Six People Died With It". Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, California). Archived from the original on March 25, 2015.
  40. ^ Ruthanne Shpiner (December 10, 2008). "Miya Rodolfo-Sioson, 1968 E008". Berkeley Daily Planet (Berkeley, California). Archived from the original on March 30, 2016.
  41. ^ "From wild talk and friendship, to five deaths in schoolyard". The New York Times. March 29, 1998. Archived from the original on March 14, 2017.
  42. ^ "Youth, 18, Slays 4 Women and Child in Beauty School". The New York Times. November 13, 1966. Archived from the original on March 16, 2016.
  43. ^ Cecilia Rasmussen (July 20, 1997). "A Principal's Bloody Rampage". Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, California). Archived from the original on October 23, 2012.
  44. ^ Cecilia Rasmussen (May 7, 2010). "Jimmie Fidler in Hollywood, May 7, 1940". Los Angeles Times The Daily Mirror (Los Angeles, California). Archived from the original on April 23, 2016.
  45. ^ "Timeline: 1940 South Pasadena Shooting". KPCC's databases (Pasadena, California). Archived from the original on September 13, 2016.
  46. ^ Nash 1992, p. 534.
  47. ^ "Two dead, four hurt in shooting at Marysville-Pilchuck HS". KING-TV. October 25, 2014. Archived from the original on April 2, 2016. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
  48. ^ Tony Clark (May 21, 1998). "Teen jailed after Oregon high school shooting spree". CNN. Archived from the original on July 13, 2016.
  49. ^ Klein 2013, p. 153.
  50. ^ "Heavy Guard at Kent State After 4 Students Are Killed". The Free Lance–Star, Volume 86, Number 106 (Fredericksburg, Virginia). May 5, 1970. p. 1.
  51. ^ Finley 2011, pp. 247–252.
  52. ^ Burke, Minyvonnne (December 1, 2021). "3 killed,8 injured in shooting at Oxford High School in Michigan". NBC News. Retrieved December 1, 2021.
  53. ^ Dickson, James David (December 1, 2021). "Boy, 17, the 4th to die in Oxford High shooting". The Detroit News. Retrieved December 1, 2021.
  54. ^ "Suspect in custody after Georgia school district is put on lockdown on reports of campus threat". NBC News. September 4, 2024. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  55. ^ Razek, Ashley R. Williams, Holly Yan, Mark Morales, Ryan Young, Isabel Rosales, Chelsea Bailey, Sara Smart, Jaide Timm-Garcia, Raja (September 6, 2024). "Georgia high school shooting suspect and his father make first court appearances, do not enter pleas". CNN. Archived from the original on September 8, 2024. Retrieved September 7, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  56. ^ null (February 14, 2023). "Shooting at Michigan State University: Update from Remy Tumin". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 14, 2023.
  57. ^ "Las Vegas shooter dead after killing 3 in campus assault on two buildings: Updates". USA TODAY. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
  58. ^ Hammond, Elise; Vogt, Adrienne; Powell, Tori B.; Vera, Amir (December 6, 2023). "Victims have been transported to local hospitals, police say". CNN. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  59. ^ "Shot to Death at a Dance". The Morning Call, Volume 73, Number 117 (San Francisco, California). March 27, 1893. p. 1. Archived from the original on March 22, 2016.
  60. ^ "4 Dead In Univ. Of Arizona Shooting". CBS News. October 29, 2002. Archived from the original on December 14, 2013.

Works cited

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