Jump to content

List of third-party and independent performances in United States gubernatorial elections

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of notable performances of third party and independent candidates in United States gubernatorial elections. It is rare for candidates, other than those of the six parties which have succeeded as major parties (Federalist Party, Democratic-Republican Party, National Republican Party, Democratic Party, Whig Party, Republican Party), to take large shares of the vote in elections.

In the 369 gubernatorial elections since 1990, third party or independent candidates have won at least 5.0% of the vote 53 times (14%), while six candidates have won election (2%). The most recent third party or independent governor to win was Alaska's Bill Walker, a Republican turned independent, in 2014.

Listed below are gubernatorial elections since the 1820s in which a third party or independent candidate won at least 5.0% of the vote. Winners are shown in bold.

Notable third party gubernatorial performances
Year State Party Nominee Running mate # Votes % Votes Place
1823 Vermont Independent Dudley Chase 1,088
8.11 / 100
 2nd
1824 Vermont Independent Joel Doolittle 1,962
12.48 / 100
 2nd
1826 Vermont Independent Joel Doolittle 3,157
22.3 / 100
 2nd
1827 Vermont Independent Joel Doolittle 1,951
12.13 / 100
 2nd
1828 New York Anti-Masonic Solomon Southwick 33,345
12.06 / 100
 3rd
1829 Georgia Democratic-Troup George Rockingham Gilmer 24,204
69.31 / 100
 1st
Democratic-Clark Joel Crawford 10,718
30.69 / 100
 2nd
Pennsylvania Anti-Masonic Joseph Ritner 51,776
39.83 / 100
 2nd
Vermont Anti-Masonic Heman Allen (of Milton) 7,346
28.59 / 100
 2nd
1830 Vermont Anti-Masonic William A. Palmer 10,923
35.56 / 100
 2nd
1831 Connecticut Anti-Masonic Zalmon Storrs 4,778
25.62 / 100
 2nd
Georgia Union Wilson Lumpkin 27,305
51.35 / 100
 1st
Troup George Rockingham Gilmer 25,867
48.65 / 100
 2nd
Indiana Independent Milton Stapp 6,984
13.56 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Anti-Masonic Samuel Lathrop 13,357
25.01 / 100
 2nd
Vermont Anti-Masonic William A. Palmer 15,258
44.0 / 100
 1st
1832 Massachusetts Anti-Masonic Samuel Lathrop 14,755
22.97 / 100
 3rd
Ohio Anti-Masonic Darius Lyman 63,185
46.99 / 100
 2nd
Pennsylvania Anti-Masonic Joseph Ritner 88,165
49.12 / 100
 2nd
Rhode Island
(General) 		Anti-Masonic William Sprague III 610
10.82 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island
(1st Runoff) 		698
10.03 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island
(2nd Runoff) 		792
13.52 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island
(3rd Runoff) 		967
14.33 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island
(4th Runoff) 		832
13.8 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Anti-Masonic William A. Palmer 20,565
46.4 / 100
 1st
1833 Connecticut Anti-Masonic Zalmon Storrs 3,250
14.87 / 100
 3rd
Georgia Union Wilson Lumpkin 30,861
51.93 / 100
 1st
Troup Joel Crawford 28,670
48.07 / 100
 2nd
Maine Independent Democrat Samuel E. Smith 3,024
6.13 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Anti-Masonic John Quincy Adams 18,274
29.14 / 100
 2nd
Workingmen's Samuel L. Allen 3,459
5.52 / 100
 4th
Vermont Anti-Masonic William A. Palmer 20,565
52.86 / 100
 1st
1834 Connecticut Anti-Masonic Zalmon Storrs 2,398
6.49 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Anti-Masonic John Bailey 10,160
13.48 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Anti-Masonic William A. Palmer 17,131
45.37 / 100
 1st
1835 Georgia Union William Schley 31,197
52.11 / 100
 1st
State Rights Charles Dougherty 28,670
47.89 / 100
 2nd
Pennsylvania Anti-Masonic Joseph Ritner 94,023
46.92 / 100
 1st
Independent Democrat George Wolf 65,804
32.83 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Anti-Van Buren Democrat Newton Cannon 41,862
50.41 / 100
 1st
Independent West H. Humphreys 7,999
9.63 / 100
 3rd
1836 Missouri Independent William Henry Ashley 13,057
47.7 / 100
 2nd
New Hampshire Independent George Sullivan 2,230
7.27 / 100
 3rd
1837 Alabama Anti-Van Buren Democrat Samuel W. Oliver 20,152
45.21 / 100
 2nd
Georgia State Rights George Rockingham Gilmer 34,179
50.56 / 100
 1st
Union William Schley 33,417
49.44 / 100
 2nd
Mississippi State Rights J. B. Morgan 9,896
35.54 / 100
 2nd
State Rights John A. Grimball 4,974
17.86 / 100
 3rd
1838 Pennsylvania Anti-Masonic Joseph Ritner 122,325
48.9 / 100
 2nd
1839 Georgia Union Charles James McDonald 34,634
51.42 / 100
 1st
State Rights Charles Dougherty 32,727
48.58 / 100
 2nd
Rhode Island Abolition Tristam Burges 457
7.4 / 100
 3rd
1841 Alabama Independent Whig James W. McLung 21,219
43.13 / 100
 2nd
Vermont Liberty Titus Hutchinson 3,039
6.34 / 100
 3rd
1842 Maine Liberty James Appleton 4,080
5.68 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Liberty Samuel Sewall 6,382
5.41 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Independent Democrat John H. White 5,869
12.2 / 100
 3rd
Liberty Daniel Holt 2,812
5.85 / 100
 4th
1843 Maine Liberty James Appleton 6,746
10.58 / 100
 3rd
Calhoun Democrat Edward Kavanagh 3,221
5.05 / 100
 4th
Massachusetts Liberty Samuel Sewall 8,901
7.34 / 100
 3rd
Michigan Liberty James G. Birney 2,776
7.11 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Conservative John H. White 5,597
12.53 / 100
 3rd
Liberty Daniel Holt 3,392
7.59 / 100
 4th
Rhode Island Law and Order James Fenner 9,107
55.18 / 100
 1st
Vermont Liberty Charles K. Williams 5,618
10.24 / 100
 3rd
1844 Arkansas Independent Richard C. Byrd 2,514
13.5 / 100
 3rd
Maine Liberty James Appleton 6,245
6.65 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Liberty Samuel Sewall 9,635
7.18 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Liberty Daniel Holt 5,767
11.84 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Law and Order James Fenner 5,560
96.39 / 100
 1st
Vermont Liberty William R. Shafter 5,618
10.24 / 100
 3rd
1845 Alabama Independent Democrat Joshua L. Martin 30,261
53.55 / 100
 1st
Maine Liberty Samuel Fessenden 5,867
8.7 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Liberty Samuel Sewall 8,316
7.85 / 100
 3rd
American Henry Shaw 8,089
7.64 / 100
 4th
Michigan Liberty James G. Birney 3,065
7.76 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Liberty Daniel Holt 5,786
12.64 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Liberation Party Charles Jackson 8,007
50.48 / 100
 1st
Law and Order James Fenner 7,795
49.14 / 100
 2nd
Vermont Liberty William R. Shafter 6,534
13.54 / 100
 3rd
1846 Illinois Liberty Richard Eels 5,154
5.11 / 100
 3rd
Maine Liberty Samuel Fessenden 9,398
12.42 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Liberty Samuel Sewall 9,997
9.81 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Free Soil Nathaniel S. Berry 10,403
18.76 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Law and Order Byron Diman 7,477
49.77 / 100
 1st
Vermont Free Soil Lawrence Brainerd 7,118
14.62 / 100
 3rd
1847 Maine Liberty Samuel Fessenden 7,352
11.26 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Liberty Samuel Sewall 9,193
8.72 / 100
 3rd
Michigan Liberty Chester Gurney 2,585
5.59 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Free Soil Nathaniel S. Berry 8,531
14.1 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Free Soil Lawrence Brainerd 6,926
14.41 / 100
 3rd
1848 Illinois Free Soil Charles V. Dyer 4,692
6.0 / 100
 3rd
Maine Liberty Samuel Fessenden 11,484
14.27 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Free Soil Stephen C. Phillips 36,011
29.03 / 100
 2nd
New York Free Soil John Adams Dix 122,811
26.7 / 100
 2nd
Vermont Free Soil Oscar Lovell Shafter 14,931
29.62 / 100
 2nd
1849 Connecticut Free Soil John Milton Niles 3,520
6.25 / 100
 3rd
Maine Free Soil George F. Talbot 7,987
10.83 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Free Soil Stephen C. Phillips 25,247
23.06 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Free Soil Nathaniel S. Berry 7,045
12.57 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Free Soil Edward Harris 458
5.32 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Free Soil Horatio Needham 23,250
43.98 / 100
 2nd
Wisconsin Free Soil Warren Chase 3,761
11.85 / 100
 3rd
1850 Maine Free Soil George F. Talbot 7,267
9.01 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Free Soil Stephen C. Phillips 27,636
22.77 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Free Soil Nathaniel S. Berry 6,472
11.6 / 100
 3rd
Ohio Free Soil Edward Smith 13,747
5.13 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Free Soil Edward Harris 773
16.89 / 100
 2nd
Vermont Free Soil Lucius Benedict Peck 18,856
39.69 / 100
 2nd
1851 Georgia Union Howell Cobb 57,417
59.66 / 100
 1st
Southern Rights Charles James McDonald 38,824
40.34 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts Free Soil John G. Palfrey 28,560
20.85 / 100
 3rd
Mississippi Union Henry S. Foote 29,358
50.87 / 100
 1st
Southern Rights Jefferson Davis 28,359
49.14 / 100
 2nd
New Hampshire Free Soil John Atwood 12,049
20.73 / 100
 3rd
Ohio Free Soil Samuel Lewis 16,918
6.0 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Free Soil Timothy P. Redfield 14,950
33.71 / 100
 2nd
1852 Illinois Free Soil D. A. Knowlton 9,024
5.85 / 100
 3rd
Maine Anti-Maine Law Anson G. Chandler 21,774
22.99 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Free Soil Horace Mann 36,740
26.54 / 100
 3rd
Michigan Free Soil Isaac P. Christiancy 6,350
7.58 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Free Soil John Atwood 9,683
15.78 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Free Soil Lawrence Brainerd 9,446
19.6 / 100
 3rd
1853 Alabama Union Alvis Q. Nicks 5,763
12.37 / 100
 3rd
Connecticut Free Soil Francis Gillette 8,926
14.78 / 100
 3rd
Georgia Southern Rights Herschel Vespasian Johnson 47,638
50.27 / 100
 1st
Union Charles J. Jenkins 47,128
49.73 / 100
 2nd
Maine Anti-Maine Law Anson Morrill 11,027
13.19 / 100
 3rd
Free Soil Ezekial Holmes 8,996
10.76 / 100
 4th
Massachusetts Free Soil Henry Wilson 29,020
22.51 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Free Soil John H. White 7,997
14.14 / 100
 3rd
Ohio Free Soil Samuel Lewis 50,346
17.74 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Free Soil Lawrence Brainerd 8,291
17.49 / 100
 3rd
1854 Connecticut Temperance Charles Chapman 10,672
17.49 / 100
 3rd
Delaware American Peter F. Causey 6,941
52.64 / 100
 1st
Maine American Anson Morrill 44,565
49.17 / 100
 1st
Massachusetts American Henry Gardner 81,503
62.58 / 100
 1st
New Hampshire Free Soil Jared Perkins 11,080
19.13 / 100
 3rd
New York American Daniel Ullman 122,282
26.05 / 100
 3rd
Hard-Shell Greene C. Bronson 33,850
7.21 / 100
 4th
1855 Alabama American George D. Shortridge 32,086
42.21 / 100
 2nd
California American J. Neely Johnson 51,157
52.53 / 100
 1st
Connecticut American William T. Minor 28,080
43.51 / 100
 1st
Georgia American Garnett Andrews 43,358
41.76 / 100
 2nd
Temperance B. H. Overby 6,331
6.1 / 100
 3rd
Kentucky American Charles S. Morehead 69,816
51.63 / 100
 1st
Louisiana American Charles Derbigny 19,755
46.26 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts American Henry Gardner 51,497
37.73 / 100
 1st
Mississippi American Charles D. Fontaine 27,579
45.78 / 100
 2nd
New Hampshire American Ralph Metcalf 32,779
50.71 / 100
 1st
Ohio American Allen Trimble 24,276
8.04 / 100
 3rd
Texas American D. C. Dickson 18,968
40.93 / 100
 2nd
Vermont American James M. Slade 3,631
8.33 / 100
 3rd
Virginia American Thomas Flournoy 73,354
46.83 / 100
 2nd
1856 Arkansas American James Yell 15,249
35.58 / 100
 2nd
Connecticut American William T. Minor 26,008
38.99 / 100
 2nd
Florida American David S. Walker 5,894
48.68 / 100
 2nd
Illinois American Buckner Stith Morris 19,088
8.04 / 100
 3rd
Indiana People's[note 1] Oliver P. Morton 112,039
48.71 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts Fillmore American George W. Gordon 10,385
6.62 / 100
 3rd
Missouri American Robert C. Ewing 40,589
35.23 / 100
 2nd
Benton Democrat Thomas Hart Benton 27,618
23.97 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire American Ralph Metcalf 32,119
48.15 / 100
 1st
New York American Erastus Brooks 130,870
22.04 / 100
 3rd
North Carolina American John Adams Gilmer 44,970
43.8 / 100
 2nd
1857 California American George Washington Bowie 19,481
20.8 / 100
 3rd
Georgia American Benjamin Harvey Hill 46,889
44.86 / 100
 2nd
Maryland American Thomas Holliday Hicks 47,141
54.93 / 100
 1st
Massachusetts American Henry Gardner 37,596
28.81 / 100
 2nd
Mississippi American Edward M. Yerger 14,095
33.99 / 100
 2nd
Missouri American James S. Rollins 47,641
49.83 / 100
 2nd
Pennsylvania American Isaac Hazlehurst 28,168
7.76 / 100
 3rd
Tennessee American Robert H. Hatton 59,807
45.56 / 100
 2nd
Texas American Sam Houston 23,628
42.06 / 100
 2nd
1858 Delaware People's[note 1] James S. Buckmaster 7,554
49.33 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts American Amos Adams Lawrence 12,084
10.13 / 100
 3rd
New York American Lorenzo Burrows 61,137
11.22 / 100
 3rd
North Carolina Independent Democrat Duncan K. McRae 40,036
41.5 / 100
 2nd
1859 Alabama Southern Rights Democratic William F. Samford 19,745
27.22 / 100
 2nd
California Lecompton Democrat Milton Latham 61,352
59.7 / 100
 1st
Kentucky Opposition Joshua Fry Bell 67,283
46.9 / 100
 2nd
Louisiana American Thomas J. Wells 15,587
37.98 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts American George N. Briggs 14,365
13.2 / 100
 3rd
Mississippi Independent Harvey W. Walter 10,308
22.98 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Opposition John H. Netherland 68,040
47.21 / 100
 2nd
Texas Constitutional Union Sam Houston 36,227
56.79 / 100
 1st
Virginia Opposition William L. Goggin 71,592
48.11 / 100
 2nd
1860 Arkansas Independent Democrat Henry Massey Rector 32,048
52.52 / 100
 1st
Massachusetts Constitutional Union Amos Adams Lawrence 23,816
14.04 / 100
 3rd
Missouri Constitutional Union Sample Orr 66,583
41.99 / 100
 2nd
Breckinridge Democrat Hancock Lee Jackson 11,415
7.2 / 100
 3rd
1861 California Breckinridge Democrat John R. McConnell 32,751
27.35 / 100
 2nd
Maine Opposition Democrat John W. Dana 19,383
19.77 / 100
 3rd
Vermont Union People's Andrew Tracy 5,722
13.37 / 100
 2nd
1862 Massachusetts People's[note 1] Charles Devens 54,167
39.91 / 100
 2nd
1863 New Hampshire Union Walter Harriman 4,372
6.56 / 100
 3rd
1864 Louisiana Independent J. Q. Fellows 2,720
25.36 / 100
 2nd
Radical Republican Benjamin Flanders 1,847
17.22 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Independent Republican Amos C. Barstow 1,339
7.64 / 100
 3rd
1865 Alabama Whig Robert M. Patton 20,611
45.21 / 100
 1st
Union William Russell Smith 8,557
18.77 / 100
 3rd
Louisiana Independent Henry Watkins Allen 6,297
21.84 / 100
 2nd
North Carolina Conservative Jonathan Worth 32,549
55.49 / 100
 1st
South Carolina Independent James Lawrence Orr 9,771
51.75 / 100
 1st
Independent Wade Hampton III 9,109
48.25 / 100
 2nd
1866 North Carolina Conservative Jonathan Worth 34,250
75.87 / 100
 1st
1867 Kentucky Conservative William B. Kinkead 13,167
9.59 / 100
 3rd
Tennessee Conservative Emerson Etheridge 22,440
23.15 / 100
 2nd
1868 Florida Radical Republican Samuel Walker 2,251
9.22 / 100
 3rd
Louisiana White Republican James G. Taliaferro 38,118
37.23 / 100
 2nd
North Carolina Conservative Thomas Samuel Ashe 73,600
44.28 / 100
 2nd
1869 Maine Temperance Nathan Griffith Hichborn 5,028
5.28 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Labor Reform Edwin M. Chamberlain 13,567
9.8 / 100
 3rd
Mississippi Conservative Louis Dent 38,097
33.34 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Radical Republican William Brickly Stokes 55,036
31.38 / 100
 2nd
Virginia Conservative Gilbert Carlton Walker 119,535
54.15 / 100
 1st
Radical Republican Henry H. Wells 101,204
45.85 / 100
 2nd
1870 Massachusetts Labor Reform Wendell Phillips 21,946
14.59 / 100
 3rd
Missouri Liberal Republican Benjamin Gratz Brown 104,374
62.27 / 100
 1st
New Hampshire Labor Reform Samuel Flint 7,369
10.76 / 100
 3rd
1871 Massachusetts Labor Reform Edwin M. Chamberlain 6,848
5.01 / 100
 3rd
1872 Alabama Liberal Republican T. Hendon 81,371
47.52 / 100
 2nd
Arkansas Liberal Republican Joseph Brooks 38,909
48.2 / 100
 2nd
Florida Liberal Republican William D. Bloxham 16,004
47.62 / 100
 2nd
Georgia Liberal Republican James Milton Smith 104,539
69.23 / 100
 1st
Illinois Liberal Republican Gustav Koerner 197,084
45.1 / 100
 2nd
Kansas Liberal Republican Thaddeus H. Walker 34,698
34.22 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts Liberal Republican Francis W. Bird 59,626
30.77 / 100
 2nd
Michigan Liberal Republican Austin Blair 80,598
36.27 / 100
 2nd
North Carolina Conservative Augustus Summerfield Merrimon 96,731
49.51 / 100
 2nd
South Carolina Independent Republican Reuben Tomlinson 36,553
34.36 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Liberal Republican John C. Brown 97,689
53.74 / 100
 1st
West Virginia People's Independent John J. Jacob 42,888
51.55 / 100
 1st
1873 Iowa Anti-Monopoly Jacob G. Vale 82,556
43.61 / 100
 2nd
Mississippi Independent James L. Alcorn 52,857
41.89 / 100
 2nd
1874 Connecticut Temperance Henry D. Smith 4,960
5.4 / 100
 3rd
Nebraska Greenback Party J. F. Gardner 4,159
11.55 / 100
 3rd
Oregon Independent Thomas F. Campbell 6,532
25.71 / 100
 3rd
South Carolina Independent Republican John T. Green 68,818
46.12 / 100
 2nd
1875 California Independent John Bidwell 29,752
24.2 / 100
 3rd
Iowa Anti-Monopoly Shepherd Leffler 93,270
42.61 / 100
 2nd
Massachusetts Temperance John I. Baker 9,124
5.27 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island National Republican Rowland Hazard, II 8,368
37.56 / 100
 2nd
1876 Nebraska Greenback Party J. F. Gardner 3,022
5.79 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island National Republican Albert C. Howard 6,733
35.37 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Independent Dorsey B. Thomas 73,695
35.09 / 100
 2nd
1877 Iowa Greenback Party Daniel P. Stubbs 34,316
13.97 / 100
 3rd
Maine Greenback Party Henry C. Munson 5,291
5.18 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Prohibition Robert C. Pitman 16,354
8.87 / 100
 3rd
Wisconsin Greenback Party Edward P. Allis 26,216
14.72 / 100
 3rd
1878 Colorado Greenback Party R. G. Buckingham 2,783
9.72 / 100
 3rd
Connecticut Greenback Party Charles Atwater 8,314
7.94 / 100
 3rd
Delaware Greenback Party K. Stewart 2,835
20.9 / 100
 2nd
Kansas Greenback Party David P. Mitchell 27,057
19.57 / 100
 3rd
Maine Greenback Party Joseph L. Smith 41,371
32.79 / 100
 2nd
Michigan Greenback Party Henry S. Smith 73,313
25.93 / 100
 3rd
Nebraska Greenback Party Levi G. Todd 9,484
18.16 / 100
 3rd
New Hampshire Greenback Party Warren G. Brown 6,507
8.57 / 100
 3rd
Pennsylvania Greenback Party Samuel R. Mason 81,758
11.65 / 100
 3rd
Tennessee Greenback Party R. M. Edwards 15,470
10.47 / 100
 3rd
Texas Greenback Party William H. Hamman 55,002
23.2 / 100
 2nd
1879 California Workingmen's William F. White 44,482
27.76 / 100
 3rd
Iowa Greenback Party Daniel Campbell 45,674
15.65 / 100
 3rd
Kentucky Greenback Party Charles W. Cook 18,954
8.38 / 100
 3rd
Maine Greenback Party Joseph L. Smith 47,987
34.68 / 100
 2nd
New York Jeffersonian John Kelly 77,566
8.65 / 100
 3rd
Wisconsin Greenback Party Reuben May 12,996
6.88 / 100
 3rd
1880 Alabama Greenback Party James Madison Pickens 42,363
23.9 / 100
 2nd
Arkansas Greenback Party W. Parks 31,424
27.18 / 100
 2nd
Georgia Independent Democrat Thomas M. Norwood 63,631
35.07 / 100
 2nd
Kansas Greenback Party H. P. Vrooman 19,481
9.8 / 100
 3rd
Maine Fusion Harris M. Plaisted 73,713
49.48 / 100
 1st
Michigan Greenback Party David Woodman 31,085
8.9 / 100
 3rd
Missouri Greenback Party Luman A. Brown 36,340
9.14 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Independent Republican Albert C. Howard 5,047
22.13 / 100
 3rd
Tennessee Debt-Paying Democrat William B. Bate 79,081
32.38 / 100
 2nd
Low Tax Democrat William B. Bate 57,568
23.57 / 100
 3rd
Texas Greenback Party William H. Hamman 33,721
12.76 / 100
 3rd
West Virginia Greenback Party N. B. French 13,027
10.96 / 100
 3rd
1881 Iowa Greenback Party David M. Clark 28,112
11.96 / 100
 3rd
Mississippi Fusion Benjamin King 51,994
40.37 / 100
 2nd
Virginia Readjuster William E. Cameron 113,464
52.97 / 100
 1st
Wisconsin Prohibition Theodore D. Kanouse 13,225
7.7 / 100
 3rd
1882 Arkansas Greenback Party Rufus King Garland Jr. 10,142
6.89 / 100
 3rd
Georgia Independent Democrat Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell 44,893
29.43 / 100
 2nd
Kansas Greenback Party Charles L. Robinson 20,933
11.67 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Fusion Benjamin Butler 133,946
52.27 / 100
 1st
Michigan Fusion Josiah Begole 154,269
49.42 / 100
 1st
Nebraska Greenback Party E. P. Ingersoll 16,991
19.08 / 100
 3rd
Pennsylvania Independent Republican John Stewart 43,743
5.88 / 100
 3rd
South Carolina Greenback Party J. H. McLane 17,319
20.5 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Low Tax Democrat William B. Bate 120,091
52.73 / 100
 1st
Texas Fusion George Wallace Jones 102,501
40.41 / 100
 2nd
1883 Iowa Greenback Party James B. Weaver 23,089
7.06 / 100
 3rd
Massachusetts Fusion Benjamin Butler 150,228
48.1 / 100
 2nd
1884 Massachusetts Greenback Party Matthew J. McCafferty 24,363
8.01 / 100
 3rd
Michigan Fusion Josiah Begole 186,887
46.68 / 100
 2nd
Prohibition David Preston 22,207
5.55 / 100
 3rd
Texas Greenback Party George Washington Jones 88,450
27.11 / 100
 2nd
1885 Rhode Island Prohibition Gordon H. Slade 1,206
5.37 / 100
 3rd
1886 Arkansas Agricultural Wheel Charles E. Cunningham 19,169
11.7 / 100
 3rd
California Independent Charles C. O'Donnell 12,227
6.25 / 100
 3rd
Delaware Temperance Reform John H. Hoffecker 7,835
35.75 / 100
 2nd
Michigan Fusion George L. Yaple 174,042
45.69 / 100
 2nd
Prohibition Samuel Dickie 25,179
6.61 / 100
 3rd
Nebraska Prohibition H. W. Hardy 8,198
5.92 / 100
 3rd
New Jersey Prohibition Clinton B. Fisk 19,808
8.55 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Prohibition Gordon H. Slade 2,585
9.6 / 100
 3rd
Texas Prohibition E. L. Dahoney 19,186
6.12 / 100
 3rd
Wisconsin People's John Cochrane 21,467
7.5 / 100
 3rd
1887 Rhode Island Prohibition Thomas H. Peabody 1,895
5.39 / 100
 3rd
1888 Arkansas Union Labor C. M. Norwood 84,223
45.91 / 100
 2nd
Kansas Union Labor P. P. Elder 35,847
10.84 / 100
 3rd
Michigan Fusion Wellington R. Burt 216,450
45.59 / 100
 2nd
Minnesota Prohibition Hugh G. Harrison 17,026
6.51 / 100
 3rd
Texas Fusion Marion Martin 98,447
28.23 / 100
 2nd
1889 Massachusetts Prohibition Joseph Blackmer 15,108
5.74 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Law Enforcement James Chace 3,596
8.34 / 100
 3rd
1890 Arkansas Union Labor N. B. Fizer 85,181
44.49 / 100
 2nd
Colorado Union Labor John G. Coy 5,199
6.23 / 100
 3rd
Kansas People's John F. Willits 106,945
36.31 / 100
 2nd
Michigan Prohibition Azariah S. Partridge 28,681
7.21 / 100
 3rd
Minnesota Alliance Sidney M. Owen 58,513
24.29 / 100
 3rd
Nebraska People's Independent J. H. Powers 70,187
32.78 / 100
 2nd
North Dakota Alliance Walter Muir 4,821
13.22 / 100
 3rd
South Carolina Independent Democrat A. C. Haskell 14,828
20.04 / 100
 2nd
South Dakota Independent H. L. Loucks 24,591
31.71 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee Prohibition D. Kelley 11,082
5.52 / 100
 3rd
1891 Kentucky People's S. B. Erwin 25,631
8.86 / 100
 3rd
1892 Alabama Independent Democrat R. F. Kolb 115,732
47.58 / 100
 2nd
Arkansas People's J. P. Carnahan 31,116
19.92 / 100
 3rd
Colorado People's Davis Hanson Waite 43,342
46.68 / 100
 1st
Florida People's Alonzo P. Baskin 8,379
20.57 / 100
 2nd
Georgia People's W. Peck 68,093
33.28 / 100
 2nd
Idaho People's Abraham J. Crook 4,865
24.23 / 100
 3rd
Kansas People's Lorenzo D. Lewelling 162,507
50.04 / 100
 1st
Louisiana Anti-Lottery Democrat Murphy J. Foster 79,407
44.54 / 100
 1st
Independent Republican John E. Breaux 12,409
6.96 / 100
 4th
People's R. H. Tannehill 9,792
5.49 / 100
 5th
Minnesota People's Ignatius L. Donnelly 39,862
15.58 / 100
 3rd
Missouri People's Leverett Leonard 37,262
6.89 / 100
 3rd
Nebraska People's Independent Charles Van Wyck 68,617
34.75 / 100
 2nd
Montana People's William Kennedy 7,794
17.64 / 100
 3rd
North Carolina People's Wyatt P. Exum 47,747
17.04 / 100
 3rd
North Dakota People's Eli C. D. Shortridge 18,995
52.43 / 100
 1st
South Dakota Independent A. L. Van Osdel 22,323
31.71 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee People's John P. Buchanan 31,515
11.95 / 100
 3rd
Texas Independent Democrat George Clark 133,395
30.63 / 100
 2nd
People's Thomas L. Nugent 108,483
24.91 / 100
 3rd
Washington People's Cyrus W. Young 23,750
26.41 / 100
 3rd
1893 Iowa People's J. M. Joseph 23,980
5.77 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Prohibition Henry B. Metcalf 3,265
6.93 / 100
 3rd
Virginia People's Edmund R. Cocke 79,653
37.09 / 100
 2nd
1894 Alabama People's R. F. Kolb 83,292
42.9 / 100
 2nd
Arkansas People's D. E. Barker 24,181
19.1 / 100
 3rd
California People's J. V. Webster 51,304
18.03 / 100
 3rd
Colorado People's Davis Hanson Waite 73,894
41.06 / 100
 2nd
Georgia People's J. K. Hines 96,990
44.44 / 100
 2nd
Idaho People's James W. Ballantine 7,121
28.96 / 100
 2nd
Kansas People's Lorenzo D. Lewelling 118,329
39.41 / 100
 2nd
Michigan People's Alva W. Nichols 30,012
7.2 / 100
 3rd
Minnesota People's Sidney M. Owen 87,890
29.67 / 100
 2nd
Nebraska Fusion Silas A. Holcomb 97,825
47.97 / 100
 1st
Nevada Silver John Edward Jones 5,223
49.87 / 100
 1st
People's George Peckham 711
6.79 / 100
 3rd
North Dakota People's Elmer D. Wallace 9,354
21.99 / 100
 2nd
Oregon People's Nathan Pierce 26,125
29.99 / 100
 2nd
South Carolina People's Sampson Pope 17,278
30.43 / 100
 2nd
South Dakota People's Isaac Howe 27,568
35.46 / 100
 2nd
Tennessee People's A. L. Mims 23,092
11.0 / 100
 3rd
Texas People's Thomas L. Nugent 152,731
36.13 / 100
 2nd
Wisconsin People's D. Frank Powell 25,604
6.82 / 100
 3rd
Wyoming People's Lewis C. Tidball 2,176
11.28 / 100
 3rd
1895 Iowa People's Sylvester B. Crane 32,189
8.02 / 100
 3rd
Mississippi People's Frank Burkett 18,167
27.93 / 100
 2nd
Ohio People's Jacob S. Coxey Sr. 52,675
6.29 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Prohibition Smith Quimby 2,624
5.95 / 100
 3rd
1896 Alabama People's Albert Taylor Goodwyn 89,290
40.99 / 100
 2nd
Arkansas People's Abner W. Files[1][2] 13,980
9.86 / 100
 3rd
Colorado People's M. S. Bailey 71,808
37.98 / 100
 2nd
Delaware Union Republican[note 2] John H. Hoffecker 11,014
31.35 / 100
 2nd
Florida People's W. A. Wicks 5,370
13.15 / 100
 3rd
Georgia People's Seaborn Wright 85,981
41.1 / 100
 2nd
Idaho Fusion Frank Steunenberg 22,096
76.79 / 100
 1st
Kansas People's John W. Leedy 167,941
50.55 / 100
 1st
Louisiana Fusion John N. Pharr 87,698
42.99 / 100
 2nd
Michigan Democratic People's Union Silver Charles Robert Sligh 221,022
40.35 / 100
 2nd
Minnesota Democratic People's John Lind 162,254
48.1 / 100
 2nd
Montana People's Robert Burns Smith 36,688
70.99 / 100
 1st
Nebraska Fusion Silas A. Holcomb 116,415
53.46 / 100
 1st
North Carolina People's William A. Guthrie 30,943
9.35 / 100
 3rd
North Dakota People's Robert B. Richardson 20,690
44.39 / 100
 2nd
Rhode Island Prohibition Thomas H. Peabody 2,950
5.84 / 100
 3rd
South Carolina Lily-White Republican Sampson Pope 4,432
6.65 / 100
 2nd
South Dakota People's Andrew E. Lee 41,177
49.75 / 100
 1st
Texas People's Jerome Claiborne Kearby 238,325
44.18 / 100
 2nd
Washington Fusion John Rankin Rogers 50,849
55.55 / 100
 1st
1897 Massachusetts National Democratic William Everett 13,879
5.14 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Prohibition Thomas H. Peabody 2,096
5.01 / 100
 3rd
1898 Alabama People's Gilbert B. Dean 50,052
30.32 / 100
 2nd
Arkansas People's W. S. Morgan 8,332
7.45 / 100
 3rd
Colorado Fusion Charles S. Thomas 93,966
62.89 / 100
 1st
Georgia People's J. Hogan 51,191
30.25 / 100
 2nd
Idaho Fusion Frank Steunenberg 19,407
48.83 / 100
 1st
People's James H. Henderson 5,371
13.51 / 100
 3rd
Kansas People's John W. Leedy 134,158
46.55 / 100
 2nd
Michigan Democratic People's Union Silver Justin Rice Whiting 168,142
39.92 / 100
 2nd
Minnesota Democratic People's John Lind 131,980
52.26 / 100
 1st
Nebraska Fusion William A. Poynter 95,703
50.19 / 100
 1st
Nevada Silver Reinhold Sadler 3,570
35.67 / 100
 1st
People's J. B. McCullough 833
8.32 / 100
 4th
North Dakota Fusion David M. Holmes 19,496
40.78 / 100
 2nd
Pennsylvania Prohibition Silas C. Swallow 132,931
13.68 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Socialist Labor James P. Reid 2,877
6.71 / 100
 3rd
South Dakota Fusion Andrew E. Lee 37,319
49.63 / 100
 1st
Texas People's Barnett Gibbs 114,955
28.07 / 100
 2nd
1899 Mississippi People's R. K. Prewitt 6,097
12.61 / 100
 2nd
Ohio Independent Samuel M. Jones 106,721
11.75 / 100
 3rd
Rhode Island Socialist Labor Thomas Herrick 2,941
6.82 / 100
 3rd
1900 Alabama People's Grattan B. Crowe 17,444
10.84 / 100
 3rd of 3
Georgia People's George W. Trayler 25,285
21.43 / 100
 2nd of 2
Kansas People's John W. Breidenthal 164,793
47.33 / 100
 2nd of 4
Louisiana Fusion[note 3] Donelson Caffery 14,215
18.49 / 100
 3rd of 3
Minnesota Democratic People's[note 4] John Lind 150,651
47.95 / 100
 2nd of 4
Montana Independent Democratic Thomas S. Hogan 9,188
14.4 / 100
 3rd of 4
Nebraska Fusion[note 5] William A. Poynter 113,018
48.51 / 100
 2nd of 5
North Dakota Fusion[note 5] M. Wipperman 22,275
38.72 / 100
 2nd of 5
Rhode Island Socialist Labor James P. Reid 2,858
5.96 / 100
 3rd of 4
South Dakota Fusion[note 5] Burre H. Lien 40,091
41.97 / 100
 2nd of 4
Texas People's T. J. McMinn 26,579
5.92 / 100
 3rd of 6
1902 Arkansas Independent Republican Charles D. Greaves 8,345
6.97 / 100
 3rd of 4
Georgia People's J. K. Hines 5,566
6.39 / 100
 2nd of 2
Massachusetts Socialist John C. Chase 33,629
8.44 / 100
 3rd of 5
Nebraska Fusion[note 5] William Henry Thompson 91,116
46.79 / 100
 2nd of 4
Nevada Silver-Democratic[note 6] John Sparks 6,540
57.78 / 100
 Elected
Vermont Local Option[note 7] Percival W. Clement 28,201
40.33 / 100
 2nd of 4
1903 Massachusetts Socialist John C. Chase 25,251
6.37 / 100
 3rd of 5
1904 Idaho Socialist Theodore B. Shaw 4,000
5.61 / 100
 3rd of 5
Illinois Socialist John Collins 59,062
5.51 / 100
 3rd of 7
Montana Socialist Malcolm A. O'Malley 3,431
5.22 / 100
 3rd of 3
Nebraska Fusion[note 5] George W. Berge 102,568
45.61 / 100
 2nd of 4
Utah American William Montague Ferry 7,959
7.82 / 100
 3rd of 4
Washington Socialist David Burgess 7,420
5.13 / 100
 3rd of 5
Wisconsin Social-Democratic[note 8] William A. Arnold 24,857
5.53 / 100
 3rd of 5
1906 California Independence League William H. Langdon 45,008
14.43 / 100
 3rd of 5
Socialist Austin Lewis 16,036
5.14 / 100
 4th of 5
Colorado Independent Ben Lindsey 18,014
8.87 / 100
 3rd of 5
Socialist Bill Haywood 16,015
7.88 / 100
 4th of 5
Idaho Socialist Thomas F. Kelley 4,650
6.32 / 100
 3rd of 3
Nebraska Fusion[note 5] Ashton C. Shallenberger 84,885
44.48 / 100
 2nd of 4
Nevada Silver-Democratic[note 6] John Sparks 8,686
58.54 / 100
 Re-elected
Socialist Thomas B. Casey 815
5.49 / 100
 3rd of 3
Vermont Independent Percival W. Clement 26,912
38.18 / 100
 2nd of 4
1907 Massachusetts Independence League Thomas L. Hisgen 75,499
20.2 / 100
 3rd of 7
1908 Florida Socialist A. J. Pettigrew 2,427
5.79 / 100
 3rd of 3
Georgia Independent Yancy Carter 11,746
9.47 / 100
 2nd of 2
Idaho Socialist Ernest Untermann 6,155
6.38 / 100
 3rd of 5
Massachusetts Independence League William N. Osgood 23,101
5.22 / 100
 3rd of 6
Montana Socialist Harry Hazelton 5,122
7.5 / 100
 3rd of 3
Nebraska Fusion[note 5] Ashton C. Shallenberger 132,960
49.9 / 100
 Elected
Utah American John A. Street 11,404
10.23 / 100
 3rd of 4
Wisconsin Social-Democratic[note 8] H. D. Brown 28,583
6.36 / 100
 3rd of 5
1910 Arkansas Socialist Dan Hogan 9,196
6.1 / 100
 3rd of 3
California Socialist Jackson Stitt Wilson 47,819
12.4 / 100
 3rd of 3
Connecticut Socialist Robert Hunter 12,179
7.33 / 100
 3rd of 5
Idaho Socialist S. W. Motley 5,342
6.2 / 100
 3rd of 3
Nevada Socialist Henry F. Gegax 1,393
6.75 / 100
 3rd of 3
Ohio Socialist Tom Clifford 60,637
6.56 / 100
 3rd of 5
Oklahoma Socialist J. T. Cumbie 24,457
9.91 / 100
 3rd of 4
Oregon Socialist W. S. Richards 8,040
6.83 / 100
 3rd of 4
Prohibition A. E. Eaton 6,046
5.14 / 100
 4th of 4
Pennsylvania Keystone William H. Berry 382,127
38.27 / 100
 2nd of 6
Texas Socialist Reddin Andrews 11,538
5.27 / 100
 3rd of 5
Wisconsin Social-Democratic[note 8] William A. Jacobs 39,547
12.38 / 100
 3rd of 5
1911 Arizona Socialist P. W. Gallentine 1,247
5.77 / 100
 3rd of 4
1912 Arkansas Socialist G. E. Mikel 13,384
7.89 / 100
 3rd of 3
Colorado Progressive Edward P. Costigan 66,132
24.88 / 100
 2nd of 6
Socialist Charles A. Ashelstrom 16,189
6.09 / 100
 4th of 6
Connecticut Progressive Herbert Smith 31,020
16.29 / 100
 3rd of 6
Socialist Samuel E. Beardsley 10,236
5.38 / 100
 4th of 6
Delaware Progressive George Beswick Hynson 3,019
6.23 / 100
 3rd of 5
Florida Socialist Thomas W. Cox 3,467
7.15 / 100
 2nd of 5
Idaho Progressive G. H. Martin 24,325
23.05 / 100
 3rd of 4
Socialist L. A. Coblentz 11,094
10.51 / 100
 4th of 4
Illinois Progressive Frank H. Funk 303,401
26.09 / 100
 3rd of 6
Socialist John C. Kennedy 78,679
6.77 / 100
 4th of 4
Indiana Progressive Albert J. Beveridge 166,654
25.99 / 100
 2nd of 6
Socialist Stephen N. Reynolds 35,464
5.53 / 100
 4th of 6
Iowa Progressive John L. Stevens 71,879
15.59 / 100
 3rd of 5
Kansas Socialist George W. Kleihege 24,767
6.89 / 100
 3rd of 3
Massachusetts Progressive Charles S. Bird 126,602
26.39 / 100
 3rd of 6
Michigan Progressive L. Whitney Watkins 155,372
28.31 / 100
 3rd of 6
Minnesota Progressive Paul V. Collins 33,455
10.51 / 100
 3rd of 5
Prohibition Engebret E. Lobeck 29,876
9.38 / 100
 4th of 5
Public Ownership[note 8] David Morgan 25,769
8.09 / 100
 5th of 5
Missouri Progressive Albert D. Nortoni 109,146
15.61 / 100
 3rd of 6
Montana Progressive Frank J. Edwards 18,881
23.61 / 100
 3rd of 4
Socialist Lewis J. Duncan 12,766
15.96 / 100
 4th of 4
New Hampshire Progressive Winston Churchill 14,401
17.29 / 100
 3rd of 5
New York Progressive Oscar Straus 393,183
25.1 / 100
 3rd of 6
North Carolina Progressive Iredell Meares 49,930
20.42 / 100
 2nd of 4
North Dakota Progressive W. D. Sweet 9,406
10.74 / 100
 3rd of 4
Socialist A. E. Bowen Jr. 6,835
7.8 / 100
 4th of 4
Ohio Progressive Arthur Lovett Garford 217,903
21.02 / 100
 3rd of 6
Socialist Charles Emil Ruthenberg 87,709
8.46 / 100
 4th of 6
Rhode Island Progressive Albert H. Humes 8,457
10.82 / 100
 3rd of 6
Texas Socialist Reddin Andrews 25,258
8.39 / 100
 2nd of 6
Progressive Ed C. Lasater 15,794
5.24 / 100
 4th of 6
Utah Progressive Nephi L. Morris 23,591
21.16 / 100
 3rd of 5
Socialist Homer P. Burt 8,797
7.89 / 100
 4th of 5
Vermont Progressive Fraser Metzger 15,629
24.1 / 100
 3rd of 5
Washington Progressive Robert T. Hodge 77,792
24.44 / 100
 3rd of 6
Socialist Anna A. Maley 37,155
11.67 / 100
 4th of 6
West Virginia Socialist Walter B. Hilton 15,048
5.61 / 100
 3rd of 4
Wisconsin Social-Democratic[note 8] Carl D. Thompson 34,468
8.75 / 100
 3rd of 5
1913 Arkansas Progressive George W. Murphy 8,431
10.1 / 100
 3rd of 4
Socialist J. Emil Webber 4,378
5.24 / 100
 4th of 4
Massachusetts Progressive Charles S. Bird 127,755
27.72 / 100
 2nd of 7
New Jersey Progressive Everett Colby 41,132
10.96 / 100
 3rd of 7
Virginia Socialist C. Campbell 3,789
5.23 / 100
 2nd of 3
1914 Arizona Progressive George U. Young 5,206
10.21 / 100
 3rd of 4
Arkansas Socialist Dan Hogan 10,434
7.7 / 100
 3rd of 3
California Progressive Hiram Johnson 460,495
49.69 / 100
 Re-elected
Socialist Noble A. Richardson 50,716
5.47 / 100
 4th of 5
Colorado Progressive Edward P. Costigan 32,920
12.41 / 100
 3rd of 5
Idaho Progressive Hugh E. McElroy 10,583
9.81 / 100
 3rd of 4
Socialist L. A. Coblentz 7,967
7.38 / 100
 4th of 4
Kansas Progressive Henry Justin Allen 84,060
15.91 / 100
 3rd of 6
Independent Julius B. Billiard 7,967
7.38 / 100
 4th of 4
Maine Progressive Halbert P. Gardner 18,226
12.87 / 100
 3rd of 5
Massachusetts Progressive Joseph Walker 32,145
7.02 / 100
 3rd of 6
Michigan Progressive Henry R. Pattengill 36,747
8.34 / 100
 3rd of 6
Minnesota Prohibition Willis G. Calderwood 18,582
5.41 / 100
 3rd of 6
Socialist Thomas J. "Tom" Lewis 17,225
5.02 / 100
 4th of 6
Nevada Socialist W. A. Morgan 3,391
15.74 / 100
 3rd of 3
New York American William Sulzer 126,270
8.77 / 100
 3rd of 6
North Dakota Socialist J. A. Williams 6,019
6.74 / 100
 3rd of 3
Ohio Progressive James Rudolph Garfield 60,904
5.39 / 100
 3rd of 4
Oklahoma Socialist Fred W. Holt 52,704
20.78 / 100
 3rd of 6
Oregon Socialist W. J. Smith 14,284
5.76 / 100
 3rd of 6
South Dakota Independent Richard Olsen Richards 9,725
9.91 / 100
 3rd of 5
Texas Socialist E. R. Meitzen 24,977
11.59 / 100
 2nd of 5
Vermont Progressive Walter J. Aldrich 6,969
11.22 / 100
 3rd of 5
Wisconsin Progressive[note 9] John J. Blaine 32,560
10.01 / 100
 3rd of 6
Social-Democratic[note 8] Oscar Ameringer 25,917
7.96 / 100
 4th of 6
1915 Mississippi Socialist J. T. Lester 4,046
7.41 / 100
 2nd of 2
1916 Arkansas Socialist William Davis 9,730
5.54 / 100
 3rd of 3
Florida Prohibition Sidney Johnston Catts 39,546
47.71 / 100
 Elected
Idaho Socialist Annie E. Triplow 7,321
5.44 / 100
 3rd of 3
Louisiana Progressive John M. Parker 48,085
37.2 / 100
 2nd of 3
Minnesota Socialist J. O. Bentall 26,306
6.73 / 100
 3rd of 5
Prohibition Thomas J. Anderson 19,884
5.09 / 100
 4th of 5
Montana Socialist Lewis J. Duncan 11,342
6.53 / 100
 3rd of 3
Washington Socialist Ludwig E. Katterfield 21,167
5.61 / 100
 3rd of 6
Wisconsin Socialist Rae Weaver 30,649
7.06 / 100
 3rd of 4
1918 Alabama Independent Dallas B. Smith 13,497
19.79 / 100
 2nd of 2
Arkansas Socialist Clay Fulks 4,792
6.57 / 100
 2nd of 2
California Independent Theodore Arlington Bell 251,189
36.48 / 100
 2nd of 3
Minnesota Farmer–Labor David H. Evans 111,948
30.28 / 100
 2nd of 5
New York Socialist Joseph Cannon 159,804
7.36 / 100
 3rd of 4
South Dakota Independent Mark P. Bates 25,118
26.12 / 100
 2nd of 5
Wisconsin Socialist Emil Seidel 57,523
17.35 / 100
 3rd of 4
1920 Arkansas Independent[note 10] J. H. Blount 15,627
8.22 / 100
 3rd of 4
Idaho Independent Sherman D. Fairchild 28,752
20.11 / 100
 3rd of 3
Minnesota Independent[note 11] Henrik Shipstead 281,402
35.91 / 100
 2nd of 4
Nebraska Nonpartisan League Arthur G. Wray 88,905
23.51 / 100
 3rd of 4
New York Socialist Joseph Cannon 159,804
5.57 / 100
 3rd of 6
South Dakota Nonpartisan League Mark P. Bates 48,426
26.34 / 100
 2nd of 3
Texas American T. H. McGregor 69,380
14.4 / 100
 3rd of 5
Black and Tan Republican H. Capers 26,091
5.42 / 100
 4th of 5
Washington Farmer–Labor Robert Bridges 121,371
30.1 / 100
 2nd of 4
West Virginia Nonpartisan League Samuel B. Montgomery 81,330
15.89 / 100
 3rd of 4
Wisconsin Socialist William Coleman 71,126
10.29 / 100
 3rd of 4
1922 Idaho Progressive H. F. Samuels 40,516
31.69 / 100
 2nd of 3
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Magnus Johnson 295,479
43.13 / 100
 2nd of 3
North Dakota Nonpartisan League William Lemke 81,048
42.35 / 100
 2nd of 2
South Dakota Nonpartisan League Alice Lorraine Daly 46,033
26.24 / 100
 3rd of 3
Wisconsin Independent Democratic Arthur A. Bentley 51,061
10.6 / 100
 2nd of 5
Socialist Louis A. Arnold 39,570
8.21 / 100
 3rd of 5
1924 Idaho Progressive H. F. Samuels 58,163
39.04 / 100
 2nd of 3
Kansas Independent William Allen White 149,811
22.71 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Floyd B. Olson 366,029
43.84 / 100
 2nd of 5
Montana Farmer–Labor Frank J. Edwards 10,576
6.08 / 100
 3rd of 3
Nebraska Progressive Dan Butler 35,594
7.94 / 100
 3rd of 3
South Dakota Farmer–Labor A. L. Putnam 27,027
13.25 / 100
 3rd of 4
Independent Richard Olsen Richards 20,359
9.98 / 100
 4th of 4
Washington Progressive J. R. "Bob" Oman 40,073
10.27 / 100
 3rd of 6
Wisconsin Socialist William F. Quick 45,268
5.68 / 100
 3rd of 7
1926 Idaho Progressive W. Scott Hall 34,208
28.36 / 100
 2nd of 3
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Magnus Johnson 266,845
38.09 / 100
 2nd of 3
Oregon Independent H. H. Stallard 12,402
5.49 / 100
 3rd of 3
South Dakota Farmer–Labor Tom Ayres 11,958
6.51 / 100
 3rd of 4
Independent John E. Hipple 10,637
5.79 / 100
 4th of 4
Wisconsin Independent Charles Perry 76,507
13.84 / 100
 2nd of 6
Socialist Herman O. Kent 40,293
7.29 / 100
 4th of 6
1928 Minnesota Farmer–Labor Ernest Lundeen 227,193
22.72 / 100
 2nd of 5
1930 Alabama Independent Hugh A. Locke 95,745
38.18 / 100
 2nd of 2
Kansas Independent (Write-In) John R. Brinkley 183,278
29.5 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Floyd B. Olson 473,154
59.34 / 100
 Elected
New York Law Preservation[note 12] Robert P. Carroll 190,666
6.08 / 100
 3rd of 6
Oregon Independent Julius Meier 135,608
54.51 / 100
 Elected
1932 Kansas Independent John R. Brinkley 244,607
30.58 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Floyd B. Olson 522,438
50.57 / 100
 Re-elected
Tennessee Independent Lewis S. Pope 106,990
27.05 / 100
 3rd of 5
Washington Liberty Luvern Clyde Hicks 41,710
6.79 / 100
 3rd of 7
Wisconsin Socialist Frank Metcalfe 56,965
5.07 / 100
 3rd of 6
1934 California Progressive Raymond L. Haight 302,519
12.99 / 100
 3rd of 5
Connecticut Socialist Jasper McLevy 38,438
6.96 / 100
 3rd of 6
Massachusetts Equal Tax Frank A. Goodwin 94,141
6.35 / 100
 3rd of 7
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Floyd B. Olson 468,812
44.61 / 100
 Re-elected
Nevada Independent Lindley C. Branson 4,940
11.54 / 100
 3rd of 3
Oregon Independent Peter Zimmerman 95,519
31.57 / 100
 2nd of 6
Tennessee Fusion[note 13] Lewis S. Pope 122,965
38.22 / 100
 2nd of 2
Wisconsin Progressive Philip La Follette 373,093
39.12 / 100
 Elected
1936 Delaware Independent Republican Isaac Dolphus Short 8,400
6.62 / 100
 3rd of 5
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Elmer Austin Benson 680,342
60.74 / 100
 Elected
North Dakota Nonpartisan League William Langer 98,750
35.80 / 100
 Elected
Wisconsin Progressive Philip La Follette 573,724
46.38 / 100
 Re-elected
1938 Connecticut Socialist Jasper McLevy 166,253
26.3 / 100
 3rd of 5
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Elmer Austin Benson 387,263
34.18 / 100
 2nd of 4
Nebraska Independent Charles W. Bryan 76,258
15.35 / 100
 3rd of 3
Wisconsin Progressive Philip La Follette 353,381
36.0 / 100
 2nd of 5
1940 Minnesota Farmer–Labor Hjalmar Petersen 459,609
36.55 / 100
 2nd of 4
Wisconsin Progressive Orland Steen Loomis 546,436
39.78 / 100
 2nd of 5
1942 Connecticut Socialist Jasper McLevy 34,537
6.01 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Farmer–Labor Hjalmar Petersen 299,917
37.76 / 100
 2nd of 4
New York American Labor Dean Alfange 403,626
9.79 / 100
 3rd of 6
Wisconsin Progressive Orland Steen Loomis 397,664
49.65 / 100
 Elected
1944 North Dakota Independent Alvin C. Strutz 38,997
18.81 / 100
 3rd of 4
Wisconsin Progressive Alexander O. Benz 76,028
5.76 / 100
 3rd of 5
1946 California Prohibition Henry R. Schmidt 180,579
7.06 / 100
 2nd of 2
1950 Tennessee Independent[note 14] John Randolph Neal Jr. 51,757
21.91 / 100
 2nd of 2
1952 Maine Independent Republican Neil S. Bishop 35,732
14.38 / 100
 3rd of 4
Vermont Republican (Write-In) Henry D. Vail 12,447
8.25 / 100
 3rd of 3
1954 Tennessee Independent John Randolph Neal Jr. 39,574
12.27 / 100
 2nd of 3
1956 Nebraska Independent George Morris 31,592
5.56 / 100
 3rd of 3
Texas Democratic (Write-In) W. Lee O'Daniel 110,234
6.39 / 100
 3rd of 3
Utah Independent J. Bracken Lee 94,428
28.37 / 100
 3rd of 3
1958 Oklahoma Independent D. A. "Jelly" Bryce 31,840
5.91 / 100
 3rd of 3
Tennessee Independent Jim Nance McCord 136,406
31.54 / 100
 2nd of 9
1960 North Dakota Independent Herschel Lashkowitz 16,741
6.08 / 100
 3rd of 3
1962 Tennessee Independent William Anderson 203,765
32.83 / 100
 2nd of 4
1965 Virginia Virginia Conservative William J. Story Jr. 75,307
13.38 / 100
 3rd of 4
1966 Alabama Independent Carl Robinson 47,653
5.62 / 100
 3rd of 3
Georgia Democratic (Write-In) Ellis Arnall 51,947
5.43 / 100
 3rd of 3
Idaho Independent Perry Swisher 30,913
12.24 / 100
 3rd of 4
Independent Philip Jungert 23,139
9.16 / 100
 4th of 4
Maryland Independent Hyman A. Pressman 90,899
9.88 / 100
 3rd of 3
New York Conservative Paul Adams 510,023
8.46 / 100
 3rd of 6
Liberal Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. 507,234
8.41 / 100
 4th of 6
Tennessee Independent H. L. Crowder 64,602
9.84 / 100
 2nd of 4
Independent Charlie Moffett 50,221
7.65 / 100
 3rd of 4
1970 Alabama National Democratic John L. Cashin Jr. 125,491
14.68 / 100
 2nd of 6
Independent A. C. Shelton 75,679
8.85 / 100
 3rd of 6
Arkansas American Walter L. Carruth 36,132
5.93 / 100
 3rd of 3
New Hampshire American Meldrim Thomson Jr. 22,033
9.91 / 100
 3rd of 3
New York Conservative Paul Adams 422,514
7.03 / 100
 3rd of 6
1971 Mississippi Independent Charles Evers 172,762
22.13 / 100
 2nd of 2
1972 New Hampshire Independent Malcolm McLane 63,199
19.56 / 100
 3rd of 3
Texas Raza Unida Ramsey Muñiz 214,118
6.28 / 100
 3rd of 4
Washington Taxpayers Vick Gould 86,843
5.9 / 100
 3rd of 5
1973 Virginia Independent Henry Howell 510,103
49.28 / 100
 2nd of 2
1974 Maine Independent James B. Longley 142,464
39.14 / 100
 Elected
Nebraska Independent Ernie Chambers 24,320
5.39 / 100
 3rd of 3
Nevada Independent American James Ray Houston 26,285
15.52 / 100
 3rd of 3
Texas Raza Unida Ramsey Muñiz 93,295
5.64 / 100
 3rd of 5
1976 Vermont Liberty Union Bernie Sanders 11,317
6.09 / 100
 3rd of 3
1978 Alaska Republican (Write-In) Wally Hickel 33,555
26.44 / 100
 2nd of 5
Independent Tom Kelly 15,656
12.34 / 100
 4th of 5
California Independent[note 15] Ed Clark 377,960
5.46 / 100
 3rd of 5
Maine Independent Herman C. Frankland 65,889
17.8 / 100
 3rd of 3
Rhode Island Independent Joseph A. Doorley 20,381
6.48 / 100
 3rd of 3
1982 Alaska Libertarian Dick Randolph 29,067
14.92 / 100
 3rd of 4
Arizona Libertarian Sam Steiger 36,649
5.05 / 100
 3rd of 3
Hawaii Independent[note 16] Frank Fasi 89,303
28.64 / 100
 2nd of 3
1986 Alaska Alaskan Independence Joe Vogler 10,013
5.58 / 100
 3rd of 5
Arizona Independent Bill Schulz 224,085
25.85 / 100
 3rd of 3
Illinois Solidarity Adlai Stevenson III Mike Howlett 1,256,626
39.97 / 100
 2nd of 5
Maine Independent Sherry Huber 64,317
15.07 / 100
 3rd of 4
Independent John Menario 63,747
14.87 / 100
 4th of 4
Oklahoma Independent Jerry Brown 60,115
6.61 / 100
 3rd of 4
Vermont Independent Bernie Sanders 28,418
14.45 / 100
 3rd of 4
1988 Utah Independent Merrill Cook 136,651
21.05 / 100
 3rd of 5
1990 Alaska Alaskan Independence Wally Hickel Jack Coghill 75,721
38.88 / 100
 Elected
Connecticut A Connecticut Party Lowell Weicker Eunice Groark 460,576
40.36 / 100
 Elected
Kansas Independent Christina Campbell-Cline Benton 69,127
8.82 / 100
 3rd of 3
Maine Independent Andrew Adam 48,377
9.26 / 100
 3rd of 3
New York Conservative Herbert London Anthony Diperna 827,614
20.4 / 100
 3rd of 7
Oklahoma Independent[note 17] Thomas D. Ledgerwood II 90,534
9.93 / 100
 3rd of 3
Oregon Independent Al Mobley 144,062
12.95 / 100
 3rd of 4
1992 Utah Independent Merrill Cook Frances Hatch Merrill 255,753
33.54 / 100
 2nd of 8
West Virginia Independent (Write-In) Charlotte Pritt 48,873
7.43 / 100
 3rd of 3
1994 Alaska Alaskan Independence Jack Coghill Margaret Ward 27,838
13.04 / 100
 3rd of 5
Connecticut A Connecticut Party Eunice Groark Audrey Rowe 216,585
18.88 / 100
 3rd of 5
Independent Tom Scott Glen R. O'Keefe 130,128
11.34 / 100
 4th of 5
Hawaii Best Party of Hawaii Frank Fasi Danny Kaleikini 113,158
30.67 / 100
 2nd of 4
Maine Independent Angus King 180,829
35.37 / 100
 Elected
Green Jonathan Carter 32,695
6.39 / 100
 4th of 5
New Mexico Green Roberto Mondragón Steven Schmidt 47,990
10.26 / 100
 3rd of 3
Oklahoma Independent Wes Watkins 233,336
23.45 / 100
 3rd of 3
Pennsylvania Constitution Peg Luksik Jim Clymer 460,269
12.84 / 100
 3rd of 5
Rhode Island Independent Robert J. Healey 32,822
9.08 / 100
 3rd of 3
Vermont Independent Thomas J. Morse 15,000
7.07 / 100
 3rd of 8
1998 Alaska Republican (Write-In) Robin L. Taylor 40,209
18.26 / 100
 2nd of 6
Republican Moderate Ray Metcalfe Clyde Baxley 13,540
6.15 / 100
 4th of 6
Maine Independent Angus King 246,772
58.61 / 100
 Re-elected
Green Pat LaMarche 28,722
6.82 / 100
 4th of 5
Minnesota Reform Jesse Ventura Mae Schunk 773,713
36.99 / 100
 Elected
New York Independence Tom Golisano Laureen Oliver 364,056
7.69 / 100
 3rd of 10
Pennsylvania Constitution Peg Luksik Jim Clymer 315,761
10.44 / 100
 3rd of 10
Rhode Island Cool Moose Robert J. Healey 19,250
6.28 / 100
 3rd of 4
1999 Kentucky Reform Gatewood Galbraith Kathy Lyons 88,930
15.33 / 100
 3rd of 5
2000 New Hampshire Independent Mary Brown 35,904
6.36 / 100
 3rd of 4
Vermont Vermont Progressive Anthony Pollina 28,116
9.58 / 100
 3rd of 8
2002 Arizona Independent Richard D. Mahoney 84,947
6.93 / 100
 3rd of 4
California Green Peter Camejo 393,036
5.26 / 100
 3rd of 6
Maine Green Jonathan Carter 46,903
9.28 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Independence Tim Penny Martha Robertson 364,534
16.18 / 100
 3rd of 7
New Mexico Green David Bacon Kathleen Sanchez 26,465
5.47 / 100
 3rd of 4
New York Independence Tom Golisano Mary Donohue 654,016
14.28 / 100
 3rd of 8
Oklahoma Independent Gary Richardson 146,200
14.12 / 100
 3rd of 3
Vermont Independent Cornelius Hogan 22,353
9.71 / 100
 3rd of 10
Wisconsin Libertarian Ed Thompson Martin Reynolds 185,455
10.45 / 100
 3rd of 8
2006 Alaska Independent Andrew Halcro Fay Von Gemmingen 22,443
9.46 / 100
 3rd of 6
Illinois Green Rich Whitney Julie Samuels 361,336
10.36 / 100
 3rd of 3
Maine Independent Barbara Merrill 118,720
21.55 / 100
 3rd of 5
Green Pat LaMarche 52,690
9.56 / 100
 4th of 5
Massachusetts Independent Christy Mihos John J. Sullivan 154,628
6.97 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Independence Peter Hutchinson Maureen Reed 141,735
6.43 / 100
 3rd of 6
Texas Independent Carole Keeton Strayhorn 797,577
18.13 / 100
 3rd of 5
Independent Kinky Friedman 546,869
12.43 / 100
 4th of 5
2007 Louisiana Independent John Georges 186,682
14.38 / 100
 3rd of 12
2008 Vermont Independent Anthony Pollina 69,791
21.87 / 100
 2nd of 7
2009 New Jersey Independent Chris Daggett Frank J. Esposito 139,579
5.75 / 100
 3rd of 12
2010 Colorado Constitution Tom Tancredo Pat Miller 652,376
36.38 / 100
 2nd of 6
Idaho Independent Jana M. Kemp 26,655
5.89 / 100
 3rd of 5
Maine Independent Eliot Cutler 208,270
36.36 / 100
 2nd of 6
Independent Shawn Moody 28,756
5.02 / 100
 4th of 6
Massachusetts Independent Tim Cahill Paul Loscocco 184,387
8.03 / 100
 3rd of 4
Minnesota Independence Tom Horner James A. Mulder 251,487
11.94 / 100
 3rd of 7
Rhode Island Independent Lincoln Chafee 123,571
36.1 / 100
 Elected
Moderate Ken Block 22,146
6.47 / 100
 4th of 7
Wyoming Independent Taylor Haynes 13,796
7.32 / 100
 3rd of 4
2011 Kentucky Independent Gatewood Galbraith Dea Taylor 74,860
8.99 / 100
 3rd of 3
2013 Virginia Libertarian Robert Sarvis 146,084
6.52 / 100
 3rd of 3
2014 Alaska Independent Bill Walker Byron Mallott 134,658
48.1 / 100
 Elected
Hawaii Independent Mufi Hannemann Les Chang 42,934
11.72 / 100
 3rd of 4
Maine Independent Eliot Cutler 51,518
8.43 / 100
 3rd of 3
Rhode Island Moderate Robert J. Healey 69,278
21.38 / 100
 3rd of 5
Wyoming Independent Don Wills 9,895
5.89 / 100
 3rd of 4
2016 West Virginia Mountain Charlotte Pritt 41,310
5.9 / 100
 3rd of 4
2018 Kansas Independent Greg Orman John Doll 66,163
6.5 / 100
 3rd of 6
Maine Independent Terry Hayes 37,128
5.9 / 100
 3rd of 3
2020 Indiana Libertarian Donald Rainwater William Henry 345,569
11.4 / 100
 3rd of 3
Vermont Vermont Progressive David Zuckerman[note 18] 99,214
27.4 / 100
 2nd of 8
2022 Alaska Independent Bill Walker Heidi Drygas 54,585
20.7 / 100
 3rd of 4
Idaho Independent Ammon Bundy 101,837
17.2 / 100
 3rd of 5
Oregon Independent Betsy Johnson 164,755
8.6 / 100
 3rd of 5
2024 North Dakota Independent Michael Coachman 20,327
5.6 / 100
 3rd of 3
Utah Independent Republican (Write-in) Phil Lyman 200,551
13.57 / 100
 3rd of 7

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c The People's Party was one of the common designations used by some State Republican Parties between 1854 and 1860.
  2. ^ Fusion of Union (Addicks) Republicans and the National Prohibition Party
  3. ^ While Caffery was listed as running on a Fusion ticket, the nature of the electoral alliance was not yet determined.
  4. ^ A fusion of the state Democratic and Peoples' Parties
  5. ^ a b c d e f g An electoral alliance between the state Democratic and Peoples' Parties
  6. ^ a b A Fusion of the state Democratic and Silver Parties
  7. ^ A short-lived party formed by Anti-Prohibition Republicans which desired to see Prohibition legislated at the local level rather than at the state level.
  8. ^ a b c d e f State affiliate of the Socialist Party
  9. ^ On ballot as "Independent Progressive"
  10. ^ On ballot as "Negro Independent"
  11. ^ Affiliated with the Farmer–Labor Party
  12. ^ State affiliate of the Prohibition Party
  13. ^ An electoral alliance between Lewis Pope and the Republican Party
  14. ^ On the ballot as "Good Government, Good Elections"
  15. ^ Affiliated with the Libertarian Party
  16. ^ On ballot as an Independent Democrat
  17. ^ Was on ballot as "Reform"
  18. ^ Also nominated as the Democratic candidate.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Large Vote in Arkansas". The evening times. Washington, D.C. September 7, 1896. p. 1. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  2. ^ "Hurrah for Arkansas!". The citizen. Frederick City, Md. September 11, 1896. p. 4. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
Retrieved from "https://wiki.eso.workers.dev/w/index.php?title=List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_gubernatorial_elections&oldid=1263129079"