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List of military aid to Israel during the Israel–Hamas war

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This is a list of known military aid that has been provided to Israel during the Israel–Hamas war. This list includes delivered equipment, training, intelligence, treatment of soldiers, logistical support as well as financial support to the Israeli government.[1][2]

List

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Military aid was coordinated throughout the war, at monthly meetings of Israel's Defense Coordination Group. The US has been a major contributor to Israel providing significant military aid.[1][3]

United States

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Main article: United States support for Israel in the Israel–Hamas war

On October 7, 2023, hours after the start of the Israel–Hamas war, the United States started sending warships and warplanes into the region, prepared to give Israel whatever it needs.[4] Israel asked the United States for Iron Dome interceptors, and President Joe Biden said Washington would quickly provide additional equipment and resources, including ammunition, which are going to reach Israel within days. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Washington would provide its "full support" to Israel, with guided missile launchers and F-35 fighter jets among the equipment being sent.[4] On October 12, Biden administration started preparing an aid package of about $2 billion in additional funding to support Israel.[5] On October 14, the Pentagon had dispatched a small team of Special Operations personnel to Israel for intelligence gathering.[6] On October 15, the White House declared that it would attempt to get congressional approval of a fresh $2 billion weaponry aid package for Israel and Ukraine.[7] By October 17, five shipments of American weapons and equipment had arrived in Israel.[4] On October 20, Biden announced that the additional funds he asked Congress to authorize would come to a total of $14 billion, as part of a $105 billion military aid package that addressed Ukraine, Taiwan and Israel as well as US border security.[8]

In November, a Republican plan was approved by the United States House of Representatives that allocated $14.5 billion in military aid for Israel.

By December US had supplied 15,000 bombs and 57,000 155mm artillery shells, mostly carried on C-17 military cargo planes. U.S. has also sent more than 5,000 unguided Mk82 bombs, more than 5,400 Mk84 bombs, about 1,000 small diameter GBU-39 bombs.[9] On December 8, Biden used emergency authority to skip congressional review to sell ~14,000 tank shells worth $106.5 million for immediate delivery to Israel.[10] On December 29, the United States government again used emergency authority to sell Israel artillery shells and related weapons worth 147.5 million dollars in order to replenish Israeli weapons stockpiles.[11]

In February the Senate passed a $14 billion USD aid package for Israel.[12]

By March US had approved more than 100 arms sales to Israel.[13] On 30 March, the White House authorized $2.5 billion in weapons transfers to Israel.[14]

In April, Biden signed a $95bn security package which included around $17bn in military aid for Israel.[15]

On 16 May, Biden notified Congress about a $1 billion arms sale to Israel.[16] On 21 May, the U.S. House passed legislation that would slash the U.S. military budget unless Biden sent 3,500 heavy-duty bombs to Israel.[17]

In June, the United States officially signed a Letter of Offer and Acceptance, allowing Israel to purchase 25 additional Lockheed Martin F-35 stealth fighter jets for $3 billion dollars.[18] Also in June, Rep. Gregory Meeks and Sen. Ben Cardin signed off to an arms sale to Israel totaling $18 billion, after pressure from the Biden administration.[19]

Local support

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Gallup Poll showing US change from majority approval (Nov. 2023) to majority disapproval (March 2024) of Israeli military action in Gaza.[20]

A June 2024 poll shows that about 70 percent of Democrats and 35 percent of Republicans support conditions on military aid to Israel, but the disconnect between what voters want and what the Biden administration is doing seems to be widening by the time.[21] In July 2024, United States resumed shipments of the 500-pound bombs, which were halted in February over concerns about the humanitarian impact of Israel's use of them in killing Palestinians in Gaza.[22] On 9 August 2024, the Department of State said the United States would send Israel an additional $3.5 billion to spend on US-made weapons and military equipment.[23] On 13 August 2024, the Department of State announced that the U.S. had approved a $20 billion weapons package sale to Israel, which included fighter jets and advanced air-to-air missiles.[24]

Germany

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Germany is one of the major arms suppliers to Israel.[25] It supplied 326.5 million euros ($353.7m) in equipment and weapons to Israel in 2023.[26] The Chancellor of Germany, Olaf Schulz, decided to send two IAI Heron TP type UAVs of the German Army. It was also announced that Germany would supply about ten thousand tank shells to Israel.[27] According to the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development ( BMZ ) Germany supplies components of air defense systems and communication equipment to Israel. The arms exported included 3,000 portable anti-tank weapons and 500,000 rounds of ammunition for automatic or semi-automatic firearms. Most of the export licenses were granted for land vehicles and technology for the development, assembly, maintenance, and repair of weapons.[28][29] In September 2024, a Reuters report found that arms exports to Israel from Germany had slowed in 2024, due to legal challenges.[30] In October 2024, however, data from the German Foreign Ministry showed it had authorized $100 million in military exports in the prior three months.[31]

United Kingdom

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Main article: British support for Israel in the Israel–Hamas war

Israel used British-supplied weapons in the war.[32][33][34] 15% of the components of each Israeli F-35 fighter jet are made by British companies, including BAE Systems.[35] According to the Campaign Against Arms Trade, the UK has granted arms export licences to Israel amounting to £574 million ($727 million) since 2008, including £42 million ($53 million) in 2022.[36]

France

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In late October 2023, 100,000 rounds of machine gun ammunition were supplied to Israel by France.[37][38]

India

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India has reportedly been exporting rockets, drones like Elbit Hermes 900, explosives and other military equipment to Israel during the Gaza war.[39][40] A cargo ship, laden with over 30 tons of such supplies intended for the Israeli Defense Forces, was reported off the coast of Spain.. This ship, which had set sail from southeastern India, was en route to Ashdod.[41] However, Spain refused to give the ship a port call.[42][43][44]

Canada

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Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said in late January 2024 that Canada had authorized military exports to Israel in the early stage of the Israel–Hamas war and the government approved at least $21 million in new licenses for military exports to Israel in the early months of the war. Canada has not approved any additional exports since January 2024. Some of the products sold include bombs, torpedoes, rockets, other explosive devices and charges, and related equipment and accessories.[45] In August 2024, the United States agreed to a $20 billion arms sale to Israel, which included $60 million worth of Canadian-manufactured munitions.[46][a]

Italy

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From October to December 2023, Italy had exported €2.1 million ($2.30 million) in weaponry and ammunition to Israel.[48]

Serbia

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By September 2024, Serbia's state-owned arms trader had sold €23 million worth of weapons to Israel.[49]

Netherlands

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The Netherlands initially allowed the export of parts for the F-35[50] but a court ruling later banned all such exports. It was subsequently reported that Dutch-made parts continued to arrive in Israel via the United States.[51]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ In response to these reports, the Government of Canada said it would not comment on the U.S. sale and stated it had "not approved new arms export permits to Israel" since January 2024.[47]

References

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  1. ^ a b "U.S. Aid to Israel in Four Charts". Council on Foreign Relations.
  2. ^ "Where do Israel and Hamas get their weapons?". The Conversation. 23 January 2024.
  3. ^ "Gaza war: Where does Israel get its weapons?". BBC News. 5 April 2024.
  4. ^ a b c Copp, Tara (17 October 2023). "Ships, Planes, Weapons, Troops: Here's All the Military Support the U.S. Is Readying for Israel". Time. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023.
  5. ^ Cortellessa, Eric (11 October 2023). "Biden and Congress Craft $2 Billion Aid Package as Israel Vows to 'Crush' Hamas". Time.
  6. ^ Schmitt, Eric (15 October 2023). "U.S. Expanding Military Presence Near Israel". The New York Times. The New York Times.
  7. ^ "Biden to Push for Ukraine, Israel Military Aid". VOA News. 15 October 2023.
  8. ^ Beale, Jonathan (October 2023). "How far would the US go to defend Israel?". BBC News.
  9. ^ "US sends 'bunker buster' bombs to Israel for war on Gaza, report says". Al-Jazeera. 2 Dec 2023.
  10. ^ Pamuk, Humeyra; Stone, Mike; Pamuk, Humeyra (2023-12-09). "US skips congressional review to approve emergency sale of tank shells to Israel". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2023-12-09. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
  11. ^ "US govt. Again skips Congress for emergency weapons sale to Israel | NHK WORLD-JAPAN News".
  12. ^ "US Muslim group says 'shame on Senate' for passing Israel aid bill". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  13. ^ Hudson, John (6 March 2024). "U.S. floods arms into Israel despite mounting alarm over war's conduct". The Washington Post. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  14. ^ "US approves bombs, jets for Israel amid threat of offensive in Gaza's Rafah". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  15. ^ "Biden signs aid package with $17B for Israel, $1B extra humanitarian aid for Gazans". The Times of Israel. 24 April 2024.
  16. ^ Jimison, Robert (15 May 2024). "Biden Administration Advances $1 Billion Arms Sale to Israel". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
  17. ^ "US House passes symbolic bill forcing Biden to send arms to Israel". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  18. ^ Fabian, Emanuel. "Israel inks deal to buy 25 more F-35 fighter jets for $3 billion". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  19. ^ Hudson, John. "Key Democrats approve major arms sale to Israel, including F-15s". The Washington Post. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  20. ^ Jones, Jeffrey M. (March 27, 2024). "Majority in U.S. Now Disapprove of Israeli Action in Gaza". Gallup Poll. Archived from the original on March 28, 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  21. ^ Gell, Aaron (17 Aug 2024). "How the siege of Gaza split America: 'a battle for the political system's soul'". The Guardian.
  22. ^ Holland, Steve (11 July 2024). "US to resume shipping 500-pound bombs to Israel, US official says". Reuters.
  23. ^ "US to provide $3.5bn more in military aid to Israel amid war on Gaza". Al Jazeera. 10 August 2024.
  24. ^ "US approves $20 billion in weapons sales to Israel amid threat of wider Middle East war". 13 August 2024. Archived from the original on 13 August 2024. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  25. ^ "Who are Israel's key weapons suppliers, and who has halted exports since Oct. 7?". Times of Israel. Reuters. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  26. ^ "Updates: ICJ rules against imposing measures on Germany over Israel aid". Al Jazeera. 30 April 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  27. ^ אוני, אסף (16 January 2024). "תמיכה נוספת מגרמניה: תספק תחמושת טנקים מדויקת לישראל ממאגרי הצבא שלה". Globes. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  28. ^ Kim, Victoria (10 April 2024). "Which Countries Are the Biggest Suppliers to Israel's Military?". The New York Times.
  29. ^ "Who are Israel's main weapons suppliers and who has halted exports?". Reuters. 9 May 2024.
  30. ^ Alkousaa, Riham. "Germany has stopped approving war weapons exports to Israel, source says". Reuters. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  31. ^ "Germany clears over $100m in arms exports to Israel amid legal challenge". Arab News. Reuters. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  32. ^ "The UK weapons sold to Israel as British aid workers killed in Gaza". inews.co.uk. 3 April 2024.
  33. ^ "UK's Rishi Sunak faces growing pressure to stop arms sales to Israel". Al Jazeera. 4 April 2024.
  34. ^ Al-Kassab, Fatima; Frayer, Lauren (4 April 2024). "Why a majority of Britons want the U.K. to halt arms exports to Israel". NPR. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  35. ^ "Fighter jets with UK parts cleared for Israel sale days before aid worker deaths". Inews.co.uk. 4 April 2024.
  36. ^ "Gaza war: Where does Israel get its weapons?". BBC News. 2024-04-05. Retrieved 2024-04-24.
  37. ^ Ariane Lavrilleux; Nina Hubinet; Mathias Destal; Pierre Leibovici (25 March 2024). "Guerre à Gaza : la France a fourni en secret des équipements de mitrailleuses à Israël". Disclose. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  38. ^ Mathias Destal; Ariane Lavrilleux; Pierre Leibovici; Nina Hubinet (28 March 2024). "Livraison à Israël d'équipements pour mitrailleuses : La France entretient l'opacité". Disclose. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  39. ^ Marsi, Federica (26 June 2024). "India exports rockets, explosives to Israel amid Gaza war, documents reveal". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  40. ^ "India-Made Drones in Gaza? New Delhi Delivers 'Killer' Hermes 900 to Israel | Report". Hindustan Times. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  41. ^ Saballa, Joe (26 June 2024). "India Supplying Israel with Weapons 'to Return Favor': Reports". The Defense Post. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  42. ^ "Spain refuses docking to ship carrying weapons for Israel". Independent.co.uk. 17 May 2024.
  43. ^ "Spain denies port of call to ship carrying arms to Israel". The Times of Israel. Reuters. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  44. ^ Badcock, James (17 May 2024). "Spain blocks ship carrying weapons to Israel from docking". The Telegraph.
  45. ^ Mitrovica, Andrew (24 Mar 2024). "The Canadian arms embargo on Israel that was not". aljazeera.
  46. ^ Kestler-D'Amours, Jillian. "How Canada's 'off-the-record' arms exports end up in Israel". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  47. ^ Kestler-D'Amours, Jillian. "Canada refuses to comment on US sale of Canadian-made weapons to Israel". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
  48. ^ last%20three%20months%20of%202023. "Italy arms exports to Israel continued despite block, minister says". Reuters. 14 March 2024. Retrieved 21 July 2024. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  49. ^ Scharf, Avi; Dragojlo, Sasa. "Arms Sales From Serbia to Israel Spike". Haaretz. Retrieved 13 September 2024.
  50. ^ "Netherlands accused of war crimes complicity for Israeli military supplies". Al Jazeera. 4 December 2023.
  51. ^ למרות האיסור: כך מצליחה ישראל להשיג חלקי F-35 מהולנד
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